Animal minds: clever crows, ravens, jays and parrots, sentence 9
Jays and nutcrackers hide thousands of nuts in autumn and remember most of the places months later, though the nuts they forget can grow into new trees, and jays re-hide food if another jay was watching.
Who acts: Jays, nuts, jay · What happens: hide, remember, forget, grow, re-hide, watch · To what, where: thousands, most, nuts, new trees, food
This is a sentence of the lesson «Animal minds: clever crows, ravens, jays and parrots» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Jays, nuts, jay), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Jays | jay | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 hide | nsubj |
| 2 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 3 nutcrackers | cc |
| 3 | nutcrackers | nutcracker | NOUN | Number=Plur | 1 Jays | conj |
| 4 | hide | hide | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | thousands | thousand | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 hide | obj |
| 6 | of | of | ADP | _ | 7 nuts | case |
| 7 | nuts | nut | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 thousands | nmod |
| 8 | in | in | ADP | _ | 9 autumn | case |
| 9 | autumn | autumn | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 hide | obl |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 remember | cc |
| 11 | remember | remember | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 hide | conj |
| 12 | most | most | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 11 remember | obj |
| 13 | of | of | ADP | _ | 12 most | case |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 places | det |
| 15 | places | place | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 most | nmod |
| 16 | months | month | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 remember | obl:unmarked |
| 17 | later | late | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 16 months | advmod |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 nuts | punct |
| 19 | though | though | SCONJ | _ | 25 grow | mark |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 nuts | det |
| 21 | nuts | nut | NOUN | Number=Plur | 25 grow | nsubj |
| 22 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 23 forget | nsubj |
| 23 | forget | forget | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 21 nuts | acl:relcl |
| 24 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 25 grow | aux |
| 25 | grow | grow | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 11 remember | advcl |
| 26 | into | into | ADP | _ | 28 trees | case |
| 27 | new | new | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 28 trees | amod |
| 28 | trees | tree | NOUN | Number=Plur | 25 grow | obl |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 re-hide | punct |
| 30 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 32 re-hide | cc |
| 31 | jays | jay | NOUN | Number=Plur | 32 re-hide | nsubj |
| 32 | re-hide | re-hide | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 hide | conj |
| 33 | food | food | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 re-hide | obj |
| 34 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 38 watching | mark |
| 35 | another | another | DET | PronType=Ind | 36 jay | det |
| 36 | jay | jay | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 watching | nsubj |
| 37 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 38 watching | aux |
| 38 | watching | watch | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 32 re-hide | advcl |
| 39 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 hide | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hide | present | Jays and nutcrackers | thousands of nuts | autumn | vn concealment-16-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thousand=Patient | |||
| 2 | remember | present | Jays and nutcrackers not said here | most the places | month | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent most=Theme | |||
| 3 | forget | present | Jays = jay | the nuts not said here | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | grow | can | the nuts | into new trees result | vn become-109.1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient into tree=Result | ||||
| 5 | re-hide | present | jays | food | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | watch a condition, not said to happen | past · progressive | another jay | vn search-35.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:233-animal-minds-clever-crows-ravens-jays-and-parrots.lesson:9.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
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