Animal minds: the octopus, escape artist and puzzle solver, sentence 7

An octopus has no bones; its only hard part is its beak, so it can squeeze through any gap bigger than the beak.

Who acts: octopus, only hard part · What happens: have, be, squeeze · To what, where: bones, beak, gap

This is a sentence of the lesson «Animal minds: the octopus, escape artist and puzzle solver» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (octopus, only hard part), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	An	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 octopus	det
2	octopus	octopus	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 has	nsubj
3	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	5 bones	det
5	bones	bone	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 has	obj
6	;	;	PUNCT	_	3 has	punct
7	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	10 part	nmod:poss
8	only	only	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 part	amod
9	hard	hard	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 part	amod
10	part	part	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 beak	nsubj
11	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	13 beak	cop
12	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	13 beak	nmod:poss
13	beak	beak	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 has	parataxis
14	,	,	PUNCT	_	18 squeeze	punct
15	so	so	ADV	_	18 squeeze	advmod
16	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	18 squeeze	nsubj
17	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	18 squeeze	aux
18	squeeze	squeeze	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	13 beak	parataxis
19	through	through	ADP	_	21 gap	case
20	any	any	DET	PronType=Ind	21 gap	det
21	gap	gap	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 squeeze	obl
22	bigger	big	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	21 gap	amod
23	than	than	ADP	_	25 beak	case
24	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	25 beak	det
25	beak	beak	NOUN	Number=Sing	22 bigger	obl
26	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 has	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	roles by
1	have	present	a octopus	no bones		vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bone=Patient
2	is a	present	octopus's only hard part	octopus's beak		tree rules
3	squeeze	can	octopus		any gap	vn push-12-1-1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent through gap=Trajectory

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:234-animal-minds-the-octopus-escape-artist-and-puzzle-solver.lesson:7.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×3. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/234-animal-minds-the-octopus-escape-artist-and-puzzle-solver/7/