Animal minds: dolphins' names, orca grandmothers and whale songs, sentence 16
The closest living land relatives of whales are hippos, and a whale's flipper has the same bones as your arm and hand.
Who acts: closest living land relatives, flipper · What happens: be, have · To what, where: hippos, same bones
This is a sentence of the lesson «Animal minds: dolphins' names, orca grandmothers and whale songs» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (closest living land relatives, flipper), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 relatives | det |
| 2 | closest | close | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 5 relatives | amod |
| 3 | living | live | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 relatives | amod |
| 4 | land | land | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 relatives | compound |
| 5 | relatives | relative | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 hippos | nsubj |
| 6 | of | of | ADP | _ | 7 whales | case |
| 7 | whales | whale | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 relatives | nmod |
| 8 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 hippos | cop |
| 9 | hippos | hippo | NOUN | Number=Plur | root | root |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 has | punct |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 has | cc |
| 12 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 13 whale | det |
| 13 | whale | whale | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 flipper | nmod:poss |
| 14 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 13 whale | case |
| 15 | flipper | flipper | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 has | nsubj |
| 16 | has | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 hippos | conj |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 bones | det |
| 18 | same | same | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 bones | amod |
| 19 | bones | bone | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 has | obj |
| 20 | as | as | ADP | _ | 22 arm | case |
| 21 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 22 arm | nmod:poss |
| 22 | arm | arm | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 bones | nmod |
| 23 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 24 hand | cc |
| 24 | hand | hand | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 arm | conj |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 9 hippos | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | the closest living land relatives of whales | hippos | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | have | present | a whale's flipper | the same bones | as your arm and hand | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bone=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:235-animal-minds-dolphins-names-orca-grandmothers-and-whale-songs.lesson:16.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/235-animal-minds-dolphins-names-orca-grandmothers-and-whale-songs/16/