Animal minds: elephants' memory, feelings and the mouse myth, sentence 8

Elephants can hold a paintbrush in their trunk, but painting elephants are trained and often guided by keepers, and many experts think the shows are for tourists.

Who acts: Elephants, many experts, shows · What happens: hold, train, guide, think, be · To what, where: paintbrush, trunk, painting elephants · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «Animal minds: elephants' memory, feelings and the mouse myth» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Elephants, many experts, shows), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Elephants	elephant	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 hold	nsubj
2	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 hold	aux
3	hold	hold	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 paintbrush	det
5	paintbrush	paintbrush	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 hold	obj
6	in	in	ADP	_	8 trunk	case
7	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 trunk	nmod:poss
8	trunk	trunk	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 hold	obl
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 trained	punct
10	but	but	CCONJ	_	14 trained	cc
11	painting	painting	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 elephants	compound
12	elephants	elephant	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 trained	nsubj
13	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 trained	aux:pass
14	trained	train	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 hold	conj
15	and	and	CCONJ	_	17 guided	cc
16	often	often	ADV	_	17 guided	advmod
17	guided	guide	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	14 trained	conj
18	by	by	ADP	_	19 keepers	case
19	keepers	keeper	NOUN	Number=Plur	17 guided	obl
20	,	,	PUNCT	_	24 think	punct
21	and	and	CCONJ	_	24 think	cc
22	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	23 experts	amod
23	experts	expert	NOUN	Number=Plur	24 think	nsubj
24	think	think	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 hold	parataxis
25	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	26 shows	det
26	shows	show	NOUN	Number=Plur	29 tourists	nsubj
27	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	29 tourists	cop
28	for	for	ADP	_	29 tourists	case
29	tourists	tourist	NOUN	Number=Plur	24 think	ccomp
30	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 hold	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	hold	can	Elephants	a paintbrush	men's trunk		vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent paintbrush=Theme in trunk=Location
2	train	present · passive		painting elephants			vn hire-13.5.3 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
3	guide	participle				by keepers; often property	vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent by keeper=Destination
4	think speech: other	present	many experts				vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
5	is	present	the shows			for tourists	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:236-animal-minds-elephants-memory-feelings-and-the-mouse-myth.lesson:8.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×3. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/236-animal-minds-elephants-memory-feelings-and-the-mouse-myth/8/