Animal minds: what dogs and cats feel and understand (and do cats really chase mice?), sentence 15

Cats have a twisting reflex, using their very bendy backbone, that turns them feet-down when falling, but falls can still hurt them badly.

Who acts: Cats, bendy backbone, falls · What happens: have, twist, use, turn, fall, hurt · To what, where: twisting reflex, bendy backbone, cats

This is a sentence of the lesson «Animal minds: what dogs and cats feel and understand (and do cats really chase mice?)» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Cats, bendy backbone, falls), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Cats	cat	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 have	nsubj
2	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 reflex	det
4	twisting	twist	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	5 reflex	amod
5	reflex	reflex	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 have	obj
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 using	punct
7	using	use	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	5 reflex	conj
8	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	11 backbone	nmod:poss
9	very	very	ADV	_	10 bendy	advmod
10	bendy	bendy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 backbone	amod
11	backbone	backbone	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 using	obj
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 turns	punct
13	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	14 turns	nsubj
14	turns	turn	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 backbone	acl:relcl
15	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	14 turns	obj
16	feet	foot	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 turns	obj
17	-	-	PUNCT	_	20 falling	punct
18	down	down	ADV	_	20 falling	advmod
19	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	20 falling	advmod
20	falling	fall	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	14 turns	advcl
21	,	,	PUNCT	_	26 hurt	punct
22	but	but	CCONJ	_	26 hurt	cc
23	falls	fall	NOUN	Number=Plur	26 hurt	nsubj
24	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	26 hurt	aux
25	still	still	ADV	_	26 hurt	advmod
26	hurt	hurt	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 have	conj
27	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	26 hurt	obj
28	badly	badly	ADV	Degree=Pos	26 hurt	advmod
29	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 have	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	have	present	Cats	a twisting reflex			vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent reflex=Patient
2	twist	gerund					vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme
3	use	gerund	Cats not said here	cats's bendy backbone			vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent backbone=Patient
4	turn	present	cats's bendy backbone	cats = cat			vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP ADJ.result»: agent=Agent they=Theme foot=Result
5	fall	gerund	cats's bendy backbone not said here			down property	vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme
6	hurt	can	falls	cats = cat	still	badly property	vn hurt-40.8.3-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer they=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:237-animal-minds-what-dogs-and-cats-feel-and-understand-and-do-cats-really-chase-mice.lesson:15.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/237-animal-minds-what-dogs-and-cats-feel-and-understand-and-do-cats-really-chase-mice/15/