Ants: colonies, queens, farmers and living bridges, sentence 14
Ants carry dead nestmates to a rubbish pile, which keeps germs away from the nest, recognising death by a smell; a live ant dabbed with that smell gets carried out kicking.
Who acts: Ants, rubbish pile · What happens: carry, keep, recognise, dab, carry out, kick · To what, where: dead nestmates, rubbish pile, germs, death, live ant
This is a sentence of the lesson «Ants: colonies, queens, farmers and living bridges» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ants, rubbish pile), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ants | ant | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 carry | nsubj |
| 2 | carry | carry | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | dead | dead | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 nestmates | amod |
| 4 | nestmates | nestmate | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 carry | obj |
| 5 | to | to | ADP | _ | 8 pile | case |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 8 pile | det |
| 7 | rubbish | rubbish | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 pile | compound |
| 8 | pile | pile | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 carry | obl |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 keeps | punct |
| 10 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 11 keeps | nsubj |
| 11 | keeps | keep | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 pile | acl:relcl |
| 12 | germs | germ | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 keeps | obj |
| 13 | away | away | ADV | _ | 11 keeps | advmod |
| 14 | from | from | ADP | _ | 16 nest | case |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 nest | det |
| 16 | nest | nest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 away | obl |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 recognising | punct |
| 18 | recognising | recognise | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 11 keeps | advcl |
| 19 | death | death | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 recognising | obj |
| 20 | by | by | ADP | _ | 22 smell | case |
| 21 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 22 smell | det |
| 22 | smell | smell | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 recognising | obl |
| 23 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 32 carried | punct |
| 24 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 26 ant | det |
| 25 | live | live | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 26 ant | amod |
| 26 | ant | ant | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 carried | nsubj:pass |
| 27 | dabbed | dab | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 26 ant | acl |
| 28 | with | with | ADP | _ | 30 smell | case |
| 29 | that | that | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 30 smell | det |
| 30 | smell | smell | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 dabbed | obl |
| 31 | gets | get | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 32 carried | aux:pass |
| 32 | carried | carry | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 2 carry | parataxis |
| 33 | out | out | ADP | _ | 32 carried | compound:prt |
| 34 | kicking | kick | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 32 carried | advcl |
| 35 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 carry | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- narrate
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed polarity=none
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | carry | present | Ants | dead nestmates | a rubbish pile | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent nestmate=Theme to pile=Destination | |||
| 2 | keep | present | a rubbish pile | germs | away property | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent germ=Theme | |||
| 3 | recognise | gerund | a rubbish pile not said here | death | by a smell | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer death=Stimulus | |||
| 4 | dab | participle | a live ant not said here | with that smell | vn spray-9.7-2 «NP V NP.destination PP.theme»: agent=Agent with smell=Theme | ||||
| 5 | carry out | present · passive | a live ant | vn act-114 «NP V NP»: subject=Eventuality | |||||
| 6 | kick | gerund | vn split-23.2 «NP V apart»: agent=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:238-ants-colonies-queens-farmers-and-living-bridges.lesson:14.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/238-ants-colonies-queens-farmers-and-living-bridges/14/