Bees: the waggle dance, the hive and honey, sentence 12
The old story that science proves bumblebees cannot fly came from a wrong simple calculation; bees beat their wings very fast and make swirls of air that lift them.
Who acts: science, bumblebees, old story, bees, swirls · What happens: prove, not fly, come, beat, make, lift · To what, where: old story, wrong simple calculation, wings, swirls, bees
This is a sentence of the lesson «Bees: the waggle dance, the hive and honey» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (science, bumblebees, old story, bees), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 story | det |
| 2 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 story | amod |
| 3 | story | story | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 came | nsubj |
| 4 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 6 proves | obj |
| 5 | science | science | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 proves | nsubj |
| 6 | proves | prove | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 story | acl |
| 7 | bumblebees | bumblebee | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 fly | nsubj |
| 8 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 10 fly | aux |
| 9 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 10 fly | advmod |
| 10 | fly | fly | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 6 proves | ccomp |
| 11 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 12 | from | from | ADP | _ | 16 calculation | case |
| 13 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 16 calculation | det |
| 14 | wrong | wrong | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 calculation | amod |
| 15 | simple | simple | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 calculation | amod |
| 16 | calculation | calculation | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 came | obl |
| 17 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 19 beat | punct |
| 18 | bees | bee | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 beat | nsubj |
| 19 | beat | beat | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 11 came | conj |
| 20 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 21 wings | nmod:poss |
| 21 | wings | wing | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 beat | obj |
| 22 | very | very | ADV | _ | 23 fast | advmod |
| 23 | fast | fast | ADV | _ | 19 beat | advmod |
| 24 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 make | cc |
| 25 | make | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 19 beat | conj |
| 26 | swirls | swirl | NOUN | Number=Plur | 25 make | obj |
| 27 | of | of | ADP | _ | 28 air | case |
| 28 | air | air | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 swirls | nmod |
| 29 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 30 lift | nsubj |
| 30 | lift | lift | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 26 swirls | acl:relcl |
| 31 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 30 lift | obj |
| 32 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 11 came | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- narrate
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- neg
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | prove | present | science | the old story | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Agent that=Attribute clause=Theme | ||||
| 2 | not fly | can | bumblebees | vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 3 | come | past | the old story | a wrong simple calculation | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from calculation=Initial_Location | ||||
| 4 | beat | present | bees | bees's wings | fast property | vn sound_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location wing=Theme | |||
| 5 | make | present | bees not said here | swirls of air | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset swirl=Product | ||||
| 6 | lift | present | swirls of air | bees = bee | vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:239-bees-the-waggle-dance-the-hive-and-honey.lesson:12.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/239-bees-the-waggle-dance-the-hive-and-honey/12/