Wolves and dogs, sentence 1

A wolf pack is usually just a family, a mother and father with their young, and in deep snow they trot in single file, stepping in each other's tracks to save energy.

Who acts: wolf pack, young · What happens: be, trot, step, save · To what, where: family, deep snow, tracks, energy

This is a sentence of the lesson «Wolves and dogs» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (wolf pack, young), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 pack	det
2	wolf	wolf	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 pack	compound
3	pack	pack	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 family	nsubj
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 family	cop
5	usually	usually	ADV	_	8 family	advmod
6	just	just	ADV	_	8 family	advmod
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 family	det
8	family	family	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 mother	punct
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 mother	det
11	mother	mother	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 family	conj
12	and	and	CCONJ	_	13 father	cc
13	father	father	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 mother	conj
14	with	with	ADP	_	16 young	case
15	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	16 young	nmod:poss
16	young	young	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 father	nmod
17	,	,	PUNCT	_	23 trot	punct
18	and	and	CCONJ	_	23 trot	cc
19	in	in	ADP	_	21 snow	case
20	deep	deep	ADJ	Degree=Pos	21 snow	amod
21	snow	snow	NOUN	Number=Sing	23 trot	obl
22	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	23 trot	nsubj
23	trot	trot	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 family	conj
24	in	in	ADP	_	26 file	case
25	single	single	ADJ	Degree=Pos	26 file	amod
26	file	file	NOUN	Number=Sing	23 trot	obl
27	,	,	PUNCT	_	28 stepping	punct
28	stepping	step	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	23 trot	advcl
29	in	in	ADP	_	33 tracks	case
30	each	each	DET	PronType=Tot	31 other	det
31	other	other	NOUN	Number=Sing	33 tracks	nmod:poss
32	's	's	PART	_	31 other	case
33	tracks	track	NOUN	Number=Plur	28 stepping	obj
34	to	to	PART	_	35 save	mark
35	save	save	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	28 stepping	advcl
36	energy	energy	NOUN	Number=Sing	35 save	obj
37	.	.	PUNCT	_	8 family	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	is a	present	a wolf pack	a family and a mother and father with mother's young		usually property	tree rules
2	trot	present	young		deep snow	in single file	vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in snow=Trajectory
3	step	gerund	young not said here	each other's tracks			vn run-51.3.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Initial_Location track=Theme
4	save	to-infinitive	young not said here	energy			vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent energy=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:024-wolves-and-dogs.lesson:1.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/24-wolves-and-dogs/1/