Wolves and dogs, sentence 6

Wolves howl to tell the pack where they are and warn other packs away, and a howl can carry several kilometres; they do not howl at the moon.

Who acts: Wolves, howl · What happens: howl, tell, be, warn away, carry, not howl · To what, where: pack, other packs, several kilometres, moon · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «Wolves and dogs» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Wolves, howl), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Wolves	wolf	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 howl	nsubj
2	howl	howl	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	to	to	PART	_	4 tell	mark
4	tell	tell	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 howl	advcl
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 pack	det
6	pack	pack	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 tell	obj
7	where	where	ADV	PronType=Rel	6 pack	acl
8	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 where	nsubj
9	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 where	cop
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 warn	cc
11	warn	warn	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 tell	conj
12	other	other	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 packs	amod
13	packs	pack	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 warn	obj
14	away	away	ADV	_	11 warn	advmod
15	,	,	PUNCT	_	20 carry	punct
16	and	and	CCONJ	_	20 carry	cc
17	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	18 howl	det
18	howl	howl	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 carry	nsubj
19	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	20 carry	aux
20	carry	carry	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	11 warn	conj
21	several	several	ADJ	Degree=Pos	22 kilometres	amod
22	kilometres	kilometre	NOUN	Number=Plur	20 carry	obj
23	;	;	PUNCT	_	27 howl	punct
24	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	27 howl	nsubj
25	do	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	27 howl	aux
26	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	27 howl	advmod
27	howl	howl	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 howl	conj
28	at	at	ADP	_	30 moon	case
29	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	30 moon	det
30	moon	moon	NOUN	Number=Sing	27 howl	obl
31	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 howl	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	howl	present	Wolves				vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	tell speech: assert	to-infinitive	Wolves not said here	the pack			vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent pack=Recipient
3	is	present	wolves = wolf	the pack not said here		where property	tree rules
4	warn away speech: warn	infinitive	Wolves not said here	other packs		away property	vn advise-37.9-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent pack=Recipient
5	carry	can	a howl	several kilometres			vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent kilometre=Theme
6	not howl	present · do-support	wolves = wolf		the moon		tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:024-wolves-and-dogs.lesson:6.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/24-wolves-and-dogs/6/