Team players and partners: meerkats, naked mole rats, huddles, cleaners (and do lemmings jump?), sentence 5
One meerkat stands guard as a sentinel, watching for eagles and jackals, and gives different alarm calls for danger from the air and from the ground; meerkats that have just eaten well guard more often.
Who acts: One meerkat, meerkats · What happens: stand, watch, give, eat, guard · To what, where: guard, different alarm calls, air
This is a sentence of the lesson «Team players and partners: meerkats, naked mole rats, huddles, cleaners (and do lemmings jump?)» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (One meerkat, meerkats), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | One | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 2 meerkat | nummod |
| 2 | meerkat | meerkat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 stands | nsubj |
| 3 | stands | stand | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | guard | guard | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 stands | obj |
| 5 | as | as | ADP | _ | 7 sentinel | case |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 sentinel | det |
| 7 | sentinel | sentinel | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 stands | obl |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 watching | punct |
| 9 | watching | watch | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 3 stands | advcl |
| 10 | for | for | ADP | _ | 11 eagles | case |
| 11 | eagles | eagle | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 watching | obl |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 jackals | cc |
| 13 | jackals | jackal | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 eagles | conj |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 gives | punct |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 gives | cc |
| 16 | gives | give | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 stands | conj |
| 17 | different | different | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 calls | amod |
| 18 | alarm | alarm | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 calls | compound |
| 19 | calls | call | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 gives | obj |
| 20 | for | for | ADP | _ | 21 danger | case |
| 21 | danger | danger | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 calls | nmod |
| 22 | from | from | ADP | _ | 24 air | case |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 air | det |
| 24 | air | air | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 calls | nmod |
| 25 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 28 ground | cc |
| 26 | from | from | ADP | _ | 28 ground | case |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 ground | det |
| 28 | ground | ground | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 air | conj |
| 29 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 30 meerkats | punct |
| 30 | meerkats | meerkat | NOUN | Number=Plur | 36 guard | nsubj |
| 31 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 34 eaten | nsubj |
| 32 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 34 eaten | aux |
| 33 | just | just | ADV | _ | 34 eaten | advmod |
| 34 | eaten | eat | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 30 meerkats | acl:relcl |
| 35 | well | well | ADV | Degree=Pos | 34 eaten | advmod |
| 36 | guard | guard | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 stands | parataxis |
| 37 | more | more | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 38 often | advmod |
| 38 | often | often | ADV | _ | 36 guard | advmod |
| 39 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 stands | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | stand | present | One meerkat | guard | as a sentinel | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer guard=Stimulus | |||
| 2 | watch | gerund | One meerkat not said here | for eagles and jackals | vn search-35.2 «NP V PP.theme NP.location»: agent=Agent for eagle=Theme | ||||
| 3 | give | present | One meerkat not said here | different alarm calls | the air and the ground | for danger | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.asset»: agent=Agent call=Theme for danger=Asset | ||
| 4 | eat | present · perfect | meerkats | well property | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 5 | guard | present | meerkats | often property | vn defend-72.3 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:241-team-players-and-partners-meerkats-naked-mole-rats-huddles-cleaners-and-lemmings.lesson:5.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/241-team-players-and-partners-meerkats-naked-mole-rats-huddles-cleaners-and-lemmings/5/