Animal builders: beavers, dams and lodges, sentence 6

A beaver's front teeth keep growing all its life, and their orange front has iron in the enamel, which makes them harder; a beaver can cut down a thin tree in a few minutes.

Who acts: front teeth, orange front, enamel, beaver · What happens: keep, grow, have, make, cut down · To what, where: life, iron, enamel, teeth, thin tree

This is a sentence of the lesson «Animal builders: beavers, dams and lodges» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (front teeth, orange front, enamel, beaver), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 beaver	det
2	beaver	beaver	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 teeth	nmod:poss
3	's	's	PART	_	2 beaver	case
4	front	front	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 teeth	amod
5	teeth	tooth	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 keep	nsubj
6	keep	keep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	growing	grow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	6 keep	xcomp
8	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	10 life	det
9	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	10 life	nmod:poss
10	life	life	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 growing	obj
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 has	punct
12	and	and	CCONJ	_	16 has	cc
13	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	15 front	nmod:poss
14	orange	orange	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 front	amod
15	front	front	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 has	nsubj
16	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 keep	conj
17	iron	iron	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 has	obj
18	in	in	ADP	_	20 enamel	case
19	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	20 enamel	det
20	enamel	enamel	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 iron	nmod
21	,	,	PUNCT	_	23 makes	punct
22	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	23 makes	nsubj
23	makes	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	20 enamel	acl:relcl
24	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	23 makes	obj
25	harder	hard	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	23 makes	xcomp
26	;	;	PUNCT	_	30 cut	punct
27	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	28 beaver	det
28	beaver	beaver	NOUN	Number=Sing	30 cut	nsubj
29	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	30 cut	aux
30	cut	cut	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	6 keep	conj
31	down	down	ADP	_	30 cut	compound:prt
32	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	34 tree	det
33	thin	thin	ADJ	Degree=Pos	34 tree	amod
34	tree	tree	NOUN	Number=Sing	30 cut	obj
35	in	in	ADP	_	38 minutes	case
36	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	38 minutes	det
37	few	few	ADJ	Degree=Pos	38 minutes	amod
38	minutes	minute	NOUN	Number=Plur	30 cut	obl
39	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 keep	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	keep	present	a beaver's front teeth					tree rules
2	grow	gerund	a beaver's front teeth not said here	beaver's life				vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location life=Theme
3	have	present	teeth's orange front	iron	the enamel			vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent iron=Patient
4	make	present	the enamel	teeth = tooth			hard property	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset they=Product
5	cut down	can	a beaver	a thin tree		minute		vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tree=Product

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:242-animal-builders-beavers-dams-and-lodges.lesson:6.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/242-animal-builders-beavers-dams-and-lodges/6/