Horses, zebras and donkeys, sentence 11

Every zebra has its own stripe pattern, and the best evidence says the stripes help keep biting flies from landing.

Who acts: zebra, best evidence, stripes, distance · What happens: have, say, help, keep, bite, pattern · To what, where: own stripe pattern, biting flies, landing · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «Horses, zebras and donkeys» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (zebra, best evidence, stripes, distance), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	2 zebra	det
2	zebra	zebra	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 has	nsubj
3	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	7 pattern	nmod:poss
5	own	own	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 pattern	amod
6	stripe	stripe	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 pattern	compound
7	pattern	pattern	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 has	obj
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 says	punct
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	13 says	cc
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 evidence	det
11	best	good	ADJ	Degree=Sup	12 evidence	amod
12	evidence	evidence	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 says	nsubj
13	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 has	conj
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 stripes	det
15	stripes	stripe	NOUN	Number=Plur	16 help	nsubj
16	help	help	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	13 says	ccomp
17	keep	keep	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	16 help	xcomp
18	biting	bite	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	19 flies	amod
19	flies	fly	NOUN	Number=Plur	17 keep	obj
20	from	from	ADP	_	21 landing	case
21	landing	landing	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 flies	nmod
22	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 has	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	roles by
1	have	present	every zebra	distance's own stripe pattern			vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pattern=Patient
2	say speech: assert	present	the best evidence				vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
3	help	present	the stripes				vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme
4	keep	infinitive	the stripes not said here		biting flies	landing	vn forbid-64.4 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Causer fly=Beneficiary from landing=Eventuality
5	bite	gerund					vn swat-18.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent
6	pattern		distance				nom pattern «cognition intransitive»: poss=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:025-horses-zebras-and-donkeys.lesson:11.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/25-horses-zebras-and-donkeys/11/