Plants deeper: leaves and sunlight, how a tree is made of air, sentence 14
The Amazon giant water lily has leaves up to about three metres across, held up by stiff ribs underneath, strong enough to hold a small child spread on a board.
Who acts: Amazon giant water lily · What happens: have, leaf, hold up, hold, spread · To what, where: small child, board
This is a sentence of the lesson «Plants deeper: leaves and sunlight, how a tree is made of air» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Amazon giant water lily), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 lily | det |
| 2 | Amazon | Amazon | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 lily | compound |
| 3 | giant | giant | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 lily | amod |
| 4 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 lily | compound |
| 5 | lily | lily | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 leaves | nsubj |
| 6 | has | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | leaves | leaf | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 has | obj |
| 8 | up | up | ADV | _ | 12 metres | advmod |
| 9 | to | to | ADP | _ | 12 metres | case |
| 10 | about | about | ADV | _ | 11 three | advmod |
| 11 | three | three | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 12 metres | nummod |
| 12 | metres | metre | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 across | obl |
| 13 | across | across | ADV | _ | 7 leaves | advmod |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 held | punct |
| 15 | held | hold | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 7 leaves | advcl |
| 16 | up | up | ADP | _ | 15 held | compound:prt |
| 17 | by | by | ADP | _ | 19 ribs | case |
| 18 | stiff | stiff | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 ribs | amod |
| 19 | ribs | rib | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 held | obl |
| 20 | underneath | underneath | ADV | _ | 19 ribs | advmod |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 ribs | punct |
| 22 | strong | strong | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 ribs | amod |
| 23 | enough | enough | ADV | _ | 22 strong | advmod |
| 24 | to | to | PART | _ | 25 hold | mark |
| 25 | hold | hold | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 22 strong | advcl |
| 26 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 28 child | det |
| 27 | small | small | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 28 child | amod |
| 28 | child | child | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 hold | obj |
| 29 | spread | spread | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 28 child | acl |
| 30 | on | on | ADP | _ | 32 board | case |
| 31 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 32 board | det |
| 32 | board | board | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 spread | obl |
| 33 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 leaves | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | present | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 2 | leaf | the Amazon giant water lily | across property | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | hold up | participle | the Amazon giant water lily not said here | by stiff ribs | vn support-15.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot | ||||
| 4 | hold | to-infinitive | the Amazon giant water lily not said here | a small child | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent child=Theme | ||||
| 5 | spread | participle | a small child not said here | a board | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on board=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:251-plants-deeper-leaves-and-sunlight-how-a-tree-is-made-of-air.lesson:14.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/251-plants-deeper-leaves-and-sunlight-how-a-tree-is-made-of-air/14/