The microscopic world: tardigrades, mites, plankton and other tiny creatures, sentence 13

Rotifers are tiny animals with a crown of beating hairs that looks like spinning wheels, and some were reported to revive after about 24,000 years frozen in Siberian ice, because frozen they stop nearly all life processes, like a dried tardigrade.

Who acts: Rotifers, crown, hairs · What happens: be, beat, look, spin, report, revive · To what, where: tiny animals, some, 24,000 years, Siberian ice, life processes

This is a sentence of the lesson «The microscopic world: tardigrades, mites, plankton and other tiny creatures» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Rotifers, crown, hairs), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Rotifers	rotifer	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 animals	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 animals	cop
3	tiny	tiny	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 animals	amod
4	animals	animal	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
5	with	with	ADP	_	7 crown	case
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 crown	det
7	crown	crown	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 animals	nmod
8	of	of	SCONJ	_	9 beating	mark
9	beating	beat	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	7 crown	acl
10	hairs	hair	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 crown	nmod
11	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	12 looks	nsubj
12	looks	look	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 hairs	acl:relcl
13	like	like	ADP	_	15 wheels	case
14	spinning	spin	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	15 wheels	amod
15	wheels	wheel	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 looks	obl
16	,	,	PUNCT	_	20 reported	punct
17	and	and	CCONJ	_	20 reported	cc
18	some	some	DET	PronType=Ind	20 reported	nsubj:pass
19	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	20 reported	aux:pass
20	reported	report	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	12 looks	conj
21	to	to	PART	_	22 revive	mark
22	revive	revive	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	20 reported	xcomp
23	after	after	ADP	_	26 years	case
24	about	about	ADV	_	25 24,000	advmod
25	24,000	24000	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	26 years	nummod
26	years	year	NOUN	Number=Plur	22 revive	obl
27	frozen	freeze	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	26 years	acl
28	in	in	ADP	_	30 ice	case
29	Siberian	siberian	ADJ	Degree=Pos	30 ice	amod
30	ice	ice	NOUN	Number=Sing	27 frozen	obl
31	,	,	PUNCT	_	33 frozen	punct
32	because	because	SCONJ	_	33 frozen	mark
33	frozen	freeze	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	22 revive	advcl
34	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	35 stop	nsubj
35	stop	stop	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	33 frozen	conj
36	nearly	nearly	ADV	_	37 all	advmod
37	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	39 processes	det
38	life	life	NOUN	Number=Sing	39 processes	compound
39	processes	process	NOUN	Number=Plur	35 stop	obj
40	,	,	PUNCT	_	44 tardigrade	punct
41	like	like	ADP	_	44 tardigrade	case
42	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	44 tardigrade	det
43	dried	dry	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	44 tardigrade	amod
44	tardigrade	tardigrade	NOUN	Number=Sing	35 stop	parataxis
45	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 animals	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	Rotifers	tiny animals			with a crown hairs	tree rules
2	beat	gerund	a crown hairs not said here					vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	look	present	hairs				like spinning wheels	vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus
4	spin	gerund						vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme
5	report	past · passive		some				vn characterize-29.2-1-2 «NP V NP to be ADJ»: subject=Theme clause=Attribute
6	revive	to-infinitive				year		vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
7	freeze	participle		24,000 years not said here	Siberian ice			vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
8	freeze	participle						vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
9	stop	present	Rotifers = rotifer	all life processes				vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality process=Eventuality
10	dry	participle						vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:259-the-microscopic-world-tardigrades-mites-plankton-and-other-tiny-creatures.lesson:13.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R8-pos-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/259-the-microscopic-world-tardigrades-mites-plankton-and-other-tiny-creatures/13/