The human body deeper: the brain and nerves, sentence 16

Brains change as you learn, which is called plasticity, especially fast in childhood; London taxi drivers who learned all the streets were found to have a bigger memory area.

Who acts: Brains, you, London taxi drivers · What happens: change, learn, call, find, have · To what, where: plasticity, streets, London taxi drivers, bigger memory area · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «The human body deeper: the brain and nerves» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Brains, you, London taxi drivers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Brains	brain	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 change	nsubj
2	change	change	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	as	as	SCONJ	_	5 learn	mark
4	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	5 learn	nsubj
5	learn	learn	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 change	advcl
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 called	punct
7	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	9 called	nsubj:pass
8	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 called	aux:pass
9	called	call	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 change	acl
10	plasticity	plasticity	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 called	xcomp
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 fast	punct
12	especially	especially	ADV	_	13 fast	advmod
13	fast	fast	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 plasticity	amod
14	in	in	ADP	_	15 childhood	case
15	childhood	childhood	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 fast	obl
16	;	;	PUNCT	_	19 drivers	punct
17	London	London	PROPN	Number=Sing	19 drivers	compound
18	taxi	taxi	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 drivers	compound
19	drivers	driver	NOUN	Number=Plur	26 found	nsubj:pass
20	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	21 learned	nsubj
21	learned	learn	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	19 drivers	acl:relcl
22	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	24 streets	det:predet
23	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	24 streets	det
24	streets	street	NOUN	Number=Plur	21 learned	obj
25	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	26 found	aux:pass
26	found	find	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	9 called	conj
27	to	to	PART	_	28 have	mark
28	have	have	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	26 found	xcomp
29	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	32 area	det
30	bigger	big	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	32 area	amod
31	memory	memory	NOUN	Number=Sing	32 area	compound
32	area	area	NOUN	Number=Sing	28 have	obj
33	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 change	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	change	present	Brains		vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	learn	present	you		vn learn-14-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	call	present · passive		plasticity	vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient
4	learn	past	London taxi drivers	all streets	vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent street=Topic
5	find	past · passive		London taxi drivers	vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Attribute clause=Theme
6	have	to-infinitive	London taxi drivers not said here	a bigger memory area	vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent area=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:260-human-body-deeper-the-brain-and-nerves.lesson:16.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/260-human-body-deeper-the-brain-and-nerves/16/