The human body deeper: the brain and nerves, sentence 4
In cartoons like Tom and Jerry, Tom gets bonked on the head, sees stars and birds spinning round, and is fine a second later; a real hard knock can shake the brain, which is called concussion, and needs rest and a doctor.
Who acts: stars, real hard knock · What happens: bonk, see, spin round, be, shake, call · To what, where: Tom, cartoons, stars, brain, rest · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «The human body deeper: the brain and nerves» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (stars, real hard knock), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 2 cartoons | case |
| 2 | cartoons | cartoon | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 bonked | obl |
| 3 | like | like | ADP | _ | 4 Tom | case |
| 4 | Tom | Tom | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 cartoons | nmod |
| 5 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 6 Jerry | cc |
| 6 | Jerry | Jerry | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 Tom | conj |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 cartoons | punct |
| 8 | Tom | Tom | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 bonked | nsubj:pass |
| 9 | gets | get | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 10 bonked | aux:pass |
| 10 | bonked | bonk | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 11 | on | on | ADP | _ | 13 head | case |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 head | det |
| 13 | head | head | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 bonked | obl |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 sees | punct |
| 15 | sees | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 10 bonked | conj |
| 16 | stars | star | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 sees | obj |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 birds | cc |
| 18 | birds | bird | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 stars | conj |
| 19 | spinning | spin | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 15 sees | xcomp |
| 20 | round | round | ADV | _ | 19 spinning | advmod |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 fine | punct |
| 22 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 24 fine | cc |
| 23 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 24 fine | cop |
| 24 | fine | fine | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 bonked | conj |
| 25 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 26 second | det |
| 26 | second | second | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 27 later | obl |
| 27 | later | late | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 24 fine | advmod |
| 28 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 34 shake | punct |
| 29 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 32 knock | det |
| 30 | real | real | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 32 knock | amod |
| 31 | hard | hard | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 32 knock | amod |
| 32 | knock | knock | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 shake | nsubj |
| 33 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 34 shake | aux |
| 34 | shake | shake | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 10 bonked | parataxis |
| 35 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 36 brain | det |
| 36 | brain | brain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 shake | obj |
| 37 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 40 called | punct |
| 38 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 40 called | nsubj:pass |
| 39 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 40 called | aux:pass |
| 40 | called | call | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 36 brain | acl:relcl |
| 41 | concussion | concussion | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 called | xcomp |
| 42 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 44 needs | punct |
| 43 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 44 needs | cc |
| 44 | needs | need | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 34 shake | conj |
| 45 | rest | rest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 44 needs | obj |
| 46 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 48 doctor | cc |
| 47 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 48 doctor | det |
| 48 | doctor | doctor | NOUN | Number=Sing | 45 rest | conj |
| 49 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 10 bonked | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | bonk | present · passive | Tom | cartoons like Tom and Jerry | on the head | vn spank-18.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: subject=Patient in cartoon=Location | |||
| 2 | see | present | stars and birds | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | spin round | gerund | stars and birds not said here | round property | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 4 | is | present | fine, late property | tree rules | |||||
| 5 | shake | can | a real hard knock | the brain | vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent brain=Patient | ||||
| 6 | call | present · passive | the brain | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient | |||||
| 7 | need | present | a real hard knock not said here | rest and a doctor | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot rest=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:260-human-body-deeper-the-brain-and-nerves.lesson:4.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/260-human-body-deeper-the-brain-and-nerves/4/