The human body deeper: lungs, stomach and guts, sentence 5
The diaphragm, a dome of muscle under the lungs, pulls down to suck air in, and hiccups are sudden jumps of the diaphragm.
Who acts: diaphragm, hiccups · What happens: pull down, suck in, be · To what, where: air, sudden jumps
This is a sentence of the lesson «The human body deeper: lungs, stomach and guts» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (diaphragm, hiccups), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 diaphragm | det |
| 2 | diaphragm | diaphragm | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 pulls | nsubj |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 dome | punct |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 dome | det |
| 5 | dome | dome | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 diaphragm | appos |
| 6 | of | of | ADP | _ | 7 muscle | case |
| 7 | muscle | muscle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 dome | nmod |
| 8 | under | under | ADP | _ | 10 lungs | case |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 lungs | det |
| 10 | lungs | lung | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 dome | nmod |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 dome | punct |
| 12 | pulls | pull | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 13 | down | down | ADV | _ | 12 pulls | advmod |
| 14 | to | to | PART | _ | 15 suck | mark |
| 15 | suck | suck | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 12 pulls | advcl |
| 16 | air | air | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 suck | obj |
| 17 | in | in | ADP | _ | 15 suck | compound:prt |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 jumps | punct |
| 19 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 23 jumps | cc |
| 20 | hiccups | hiccup | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 jumps | nsubj |
| 21 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 23 jumps | cop |
| 22 | sudden | sudden | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 jumps | amod |
| 23 | jumps | jump | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 pulls | conj |
| 24 | of | of | ADP | _ | 26 diaphragm | case |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 diaphragm | det |
| 26 | diaphragm | diaphragm | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 jumps | nmod |
| 27 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 12 pulls | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | pull down | present | the diaphragm | down property | vn slide-11.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 2 | suck in | to-infinitive | the diaphragm not said here | air | vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent air=Source | ||||
| 3 | is a | present | hiccups | sudden jumps | of the diaphragm | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:262-human-body-deeper-lungs-stomach-and-guts.lesson:5.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R5-strong ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/262-human-body-deeper-lungs-stomach-and-guts/5/