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Tyrannosaurus rex: what we really know, from teeth and dung to tiny arms, sentence 14

Skin prints show small scales on parts of T. rex, while some smaller relatives such as Yutyrannus had feathers; babies may have been fluffy, but this is not known for sure.

Who acts: Skin prints, smaller relatives, babies · What happens: show, have, be, not know · To what, where: small scales, parts, feathers, this

This is a sentence of the lesson «Tyrannosaurus rex: what we really know, from teeth and dung to tiny arms» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Skin prints, smaller relatives, babies), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

compoundnsubjamodobjcaseoblcasenmod:possnmodpunctmarkdetamodnsubjcasefixednmodadvclobjpunctnsubjauxauxcopconjpunctccnsubj:passaux:passadvmodconjcaseoblpunctrootSkinNOUNprintsNOUNshowVERBsmallADJscalesNOUNonADPpartsNOUNofADPT.PRONrexNOUN,PUNCTwhileSCONJsomeDETsmallerADJrelativesNOUNsuchADJasADPYutyrannusPROPNhadVERBfeathersNOUN;PUNCTbabiesNOUNmayAUXhaveAUXbeenAUXfluffyADJ,PUNCTbutCCONJthisPRONisAUXnotPARTknownVERBforADPsureADJ.PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1SkinskinNOUNNumber=Sing2 printscompound
2printsprintNOUNNumber=Plur3 shownsubj
3showshowVERBMood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Finrootroot
4smallsmallADJDegree=Pos5 scalesamod
5scalesscaleNOUNNumber=Plur3 showobj
6ononADP_7 partscase
7partspartNOUNNumber=Plur3 showobl
8ofofADP_10 rexcase
9T.t.PRONCase=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs10 rexnmod:poss
10rexrexNOUNNumber=Sing7 partsnmod
11,,PUNCT_15 relativespunct
12whilewhileSCONJ_15 relativesmark
13somesomeDETPronType=Ind15 relativesdet
14smallersmallADJDegree=Cmp15 relativesamod
15relativesrelativeNOUNNumber=Plur19 hadnsubj
16suchsuchADJDegree=Pos ExtPos=ADP18 Yutyrannuscase
17asasADP_16 suchfixed
18YutyrannusYutyrannusPROPNNumber=Sing15 relativesnmod
19hadhaveVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin3 showadvcl
20feathersfeatherNOUNNumber=Plur19 hadobj
21;;PUNCT_26 fluffypunct
22babiesbabyNOUNNumber=Plur26 fluffynsubj
23maymayAUXVerbForm=Fin26 fluffyaux
24havehaveAUXVerbForm=Inf26 fluffyaux
25beenbeAUXTense=Past VerbForm=Part26 fluffycop
26fluffyfluffyADJDegree=Pos3 showconj
27,,PUNCT_32 knownpunct
28butbutCCONJ_32 knowncc
29thisthisPRONNumber=Sing PronType=Dem32 knownnsubj:pass
30isbeAUXMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin32 knownaux:pass
31notnotPARTPolarity=Neg32 knownadvmod
32knownknowVERBTense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass26 fluffyconj
33forforADP_34 surecase
34suresureADJDegree=Pos32 knownobl
35..PUNCT_3 showpunct

Pragmatics

form
statement
act
assert
voice
narrator
polarity
none
hedged
yes
teacher
changed hedge=1
#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1showpresentSkin printssmall scalesparts of T.'s rexvn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent scale=Recipient
2havepastsome smaller relatives such Yutyrannusfeathersvn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent feather=Patient
3ismay · perfectbabiesfluffy propertytree rules
4not knowpresent · passivethisfor surevn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: subject=Stimulus

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:265-tyrannosaurus-rex-teeth-dung-and-tiny-arms.lesson:14.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×4, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/265-tyrannosaurus-rex-teeth-dung-and-tiny-arms/14/