Tyrannosaurus rex: what we really know, from teeth and dung to tiny arms, sentence 8
Fossil dung is called a coprolite; one T. rex coprolite, as big as a loaf of bread, was full of crushed bone from a plant-eater.
Who acts: one rex coprolite · What happens: call, be, crush · To what, where: Fossil dung · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Tyrannosaurus rex: what we really know, from teeth and dung to tiny arms» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (one rex coprolite), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Fossil | fossil | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 dung | compound |
| 2 | dung | dung | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 called | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 called | aux:pass |
| 4 | called | call | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 coprolite | det |
| 6 | coprolite | coprolite | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 called | xcomp |
| 7 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 22 full | punct |
| 8 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 11 coprolite | nummod |
| 9 | T. | T. | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 rex | compound |
| 10 | rex | rex | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 coprolite | compound |
| 11 | coprolite | coprolite | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 full | nsubj |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 big | punct |
| 13 | as | as | ADV | _ | 14 big | advmod |
| 14 | big | big | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 coprolite | amod |
| 15 | as | as | ADP | _ | 17 loaf | case |
| 16 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 17 loaf | det |
| 17 | loaf | loaf | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 big | obl |
| 18 | of | of | ADP | _ | 19 bread | case |
| 19 | bread | bread | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 loaf | nmod |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 full | punct |
| 21 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 22 full | cop |
| 22 | full | full | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 called | conj |
| 23 | of | of | ADP | _ | 25 bone | case |
| 24 | crushed | crush | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 25 bone | amod |
| 25 | bone | bone | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 full | obl |
| 26 | from | from | ADP | _ | 30 eater | case |
| 27 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 30 eater | det |
| 28 | plant | plant | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 eater | compound |
| 29 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 28 plant | punct |
| 30 | eater | eater | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 bone | nmod |
| 31 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 called | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | call | present · passive | Fossil dung | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient | |||||
| 2 | is | past | one rex coprolite | of crushed bone from a plant eater; full property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | crush | participle | vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:265-tyrannosaurus-rex-teeth-dung-and-tiny-arms.lesson:8.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/265-tyrannosaurus-rex-teeth-dung-and-tiny-arms/8/