Not dinosaurs at all: pterosaurs, plesiosaurs, mosasaurs and Mary Anning, sentence 11
Ichthyosaurs, the «fish lizards», looked like dolphins but were reptiles, and one kind had eyes about as big as a football, among the biggest eyes of any animal, for seeing in deep, dark water.
Who acts: Ichthyosaurs, one kind · What happens: look, be, have, see · To what, where: reptiles, eyes, deep dark water
This is a sentence of the lesson «Not dinosaurs at all: pterosaurs, plesiosaurs, mosasaurs and Mary Anning» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ichthyosaurs, one kind), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ichthyosaurs | ichthyosaur | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 looked | nsubj |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 lizards | punct |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 lizards | det |
| 4 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 6 lizards | punct |
| 5 | fish | fish | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 lizards | compound |
| 6 | lizards | lizard | NOUN | Number=Plur | 1 Ichthyosaurs | appos |
| 7 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 6 lizards | punct |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 looked | punct |
| 9 | looked | look | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 10 | like | like | ADP | _ | 11 dolphins | case |
| 11 | dolphins | dolphin | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 looked | obl |
| 12 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 14 reptiles | cc |
| 13 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 14 reptiles | cop |
| 14 | reptiles | reptile | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 looked | conj |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 had | punct |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 had | cc |
| 17 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 18 kind | nummod |
| 18 | kind | kind | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 had | nsubj |
| 19 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 looked | conj |
| 20 | eyes | eye | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 had | obj |
| 21 | about | about | ADV | _ | 23 big | advmod |
| 22 | as | as | ADV | _ | 23 big | advmod |
| 23 | big | big | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 eyes | amod |
| 24 | as | as | ADP | _ | 26 football | case |
| 25 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 26 football | det |
| 26 | football | football | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 big | obl |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 eyes | punct |
| 28 | among | among | ADP | _ | 31 eyes | case |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 31 eyes | det |
| 30 | biggest | big | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 31 eyes | amod |
| 31 | eyes | eye | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 had | conj |
| 32 | of | of | ADP | _ | 34 animal | case |
| 33 | any | any | DET | PronType=Ind | 34 animal | det |
| 34 | animal | animal | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 eyes | nmod |
| 35 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 37 seeing | punct |
| 36 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 37 seeing | mark |
| 37 | seeing | see | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 19 had | advcl |
| 38 | in | in | ADP | _ | 42 water | case |
| 39 | deep | deep | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 42 water | amod |
| 40 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 39 deep | punct |
| 41 | dark | dark | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 42 water | amod |
| 42 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 seeing | obl |
| 43 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 9 looked | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | look | past | Ichthyosaurs | like dolphins | vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus | ||||
| 2 | is a | past | Ichthyosaurs not said here | reptiles | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | have | past | one kind | eyes | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent eye=Patient | ||||
| 4 | see | gerund | one kind not said here | deep dark water | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:270-not-dinosaurs-pterosaurs-plesiosaurs-mosasaurs-mary-anning.lesson:11.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3, R6-punct-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/270-not-dinosaurs-pterosaurs-plesiosaurs-mosasaurs-mary-anning/11/