Megalodon and the giants of the sea, past and present, sentence 15

Sharks lose and replace thousands of teeth in their lives; old teeth fall to the sea floor, can become fossils, and are turned black by minerals over a long time.

Who acts: Sharks, old teeth, minerals · What happens: lose, replace, fall, become, turn · To what, where: thousands, lives, fossils

This is a sentence of the lesson «Megalodon and the giants of the sea, past and present» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Sharks, old teeth, minerals), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Sharks	shark	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 lose	nsubj
2	lose	lose	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	and	and	CCONJ	_	4 replace	cc
4	replace	replace	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 lose	conj
5	thousands	thousand	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 replace	obj
6	of	of	ADP	_	7 teeth	case
7	teeth	tooth	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 thousands	nmod
8	in	in	ADP	_	10 lives	case
9	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	10 lives	nmod:poss
10	lives	life	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 thousands	nmod
11	;	;	PUNCT	_	14 fall	punct
12	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 teeth	amod
13	teeth	tooth	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 fall	nsubj
14	fall	fall	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 lose	parataxis
15	to	to	ADP	_	18 floor	case
16	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	18 floor	det
17	sea	sea	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 floor	compound
18	floor	floor	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 fall	obl
19	,	,	PUNCT	_	21 become	punct
20	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	21 become	aux
21	become	become	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	14 fall	conj
22	fossils	fossil	NOUN	Number=Plur	21 become	xcomp
23	,	,	PUNCT	_	26 turned	punct
24	and	and	CCONJ	_	26 turned	cc
25	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	26 turned	aux:pass
26	turned	turn	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	14 fall	conj
27	black	black	ADJ	Degree=Pos	26 turned	xcomp
28	by	by	ADP	_	29 minerals	case
29	minerals	mineral	NOUN	Number=Plur	26 turned	obl
30	over	over	ADP	_	33 time	case
31	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	33 time	det
32	long	long	ADJ	Degree=Pos	33 time	amod
33	time	time	NOUN	Number=Sing	26 turned	obl
34	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 lose	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	lose	present	Sharks					vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	replace	present	Sharks not said here	thousands of teeth	whales's lives			vn substitute-13.6.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme thousand=Co-Theme
3	fall	present	old teeth				to the sea floor	vn acquiesce-95.1-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent to floor=Theme
4	become	can	old teeth not said here	fossils				vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient
5	turn	present · passive	minerals			time	black property	vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:273-megalodon-and-the-giants-of-the-sea.lesson:15.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/273-megalodon-and-the-giants-of-the-sea/15/