Megalodon and the giants of the sea, past and present, sentence 7
Great white sharks competed for the same food, and tooth chemistry suggests they ate at the same level of the food chain, so they may have helped finish megalodon; this is still debated.
Who acts: Great white sharks, tooth chemistry, teeth · What happens: compete, suggest, eat, help, finish, debate · To what, where: same level, megalodon, this · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Megalodon and the giants of the sea, past and present» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Great white sharks, tooth chemistry, teeth), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 sharks | amod |
| 2 | white | white | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 sharks | amod |
| 3 | sharks | shark | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 competed | nsubj |
| 4 | competed | compete | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | for | for | ADP | _ | 8 food | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 food | det |
| 7 | same | same | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 food | amod |
| 8 | food | food | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 competed | obl |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 suggests | punct |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 suggests | cc |
| 11 | tooth | tooth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 chemistry | compound |
| 12 | chemistry | chemistry | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 suggests | nsubj |
| 13 | suggests | suggest | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 competed | conj |
| 14 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 ate | nsubj |
| 15 | ate | eat | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 suggests | ccomp |
| 16 | at | at | ADP | _ | 19 level | case |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 level | det |
| 18 | same | same | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 level | amod |
| 19 | level | level | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 ate | obl |
| 20 | of | of | ADP | _ | 23 chain | case |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 chain | det |
| 22 | food | food | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 chain | compound |
| 23 | chain | chain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 level | nmod |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 helped | punct |
| 25 | so | so | ADV | _ | 29 helped | advmod |
| 26 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 29 helped | nsubj |
| 27 | may | may | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 29 helped | aux |
| 28 | have | have | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 29 helped | aux |
| 29 | helped | help | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 15 ate | conj |
| 30 | finish | finish | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 29 helped | xcomp |
| 31 | megalodon | megalodon | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 finish | obj |
| 32 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 36 debated | punct |
| 33 | this | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 36 debated | nsubj:pass |
| 34 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 36 debated | aux:pass |
| 35 | still | still | ADV | _ | 36 debated | advmod |
| 36 | debated | debate | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 competed | conj |
| 37 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 competed | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | compete | past | Great white sharks | for the same food | vn battle-36.4 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | suggest speech: suggest | present | tooth chemistry | vn say-37.7-1-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 3 | eat | past | teeth = tooth | the same level of the food chain | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 4 | help | may · perfect | teeth = tooth | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | |||||
| 5 | finish | infinitive | teeth = tooth not said here | megalodon | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality megalodon=Eventuality | ||||
| 6 | debate | present · passive | this | still | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Co-Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:273-megalodon-and-the-giants-of-the-sea.lesson:7.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/273-megalodon-and-the-giants-of-the-sea/7/