Fossils: how a living thing turns to stone and how we dig it up, sentence 0

A fossil is a living thing, or a mark it made, that was kept in rock: a shell, a bone, a leaf, a footprint, even a dinosaur's poo.

Who acts: fossil · What happens: be, make, keep · To what, where: living thing, mark, rock

This is a sentence of the lesson «Fossils: how a living thing turns to stone and how we dig it up» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (fossil), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 fossil	det
2	fossil	fossil	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 thing	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 thing	cop
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 thing	det
5	living	living	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 thing	amod
6	thing	thing	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 mark	punct
8	or	or	CCONJ	_	10 mark	cc
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 mark	det
10	mark	mark	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 thing	conj
11	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 made	nsubj
12	made	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	10 mark	acl:relcl
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 kept	punct
14	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	16 kept	nsubj:pass
15	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	16 kept	aux:pass
16	kept	keep	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	10 mark	acl:relcl
17	in	in	ADP	_	18 rock	case
18	rock	rock	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 kept	obl
19	:	:	PUNCT	_	21 shell	punct
20	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	21 shell	det
21	shell	shell	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 kept	obl
22	,	,	PUNCT	_	24 bone	punct
23	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	24 bone	det
24	bone	bone	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 shell	conj
25	,	,	PUNCT	_	27 leaf	punct
26	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	27 leaf	det
27	leaf	leaf	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 shell	conj
28	,	,	PUNCT	_	30 footprint	punct
29	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	30 footprint	det
30	footprint	footprint	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 shell	conj
31	,	,	PUNCT	_	36 poo	punct
32	even	even	ADV	_	36 poo	advmod
33	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	34 dinosaur	det
34	dinosaur	dinosaur	NOUN	Number=Sing	36 poo	nmod:poss
35	's	's	PART	_	34 dinosaur	case
36	poo	poo	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 shell	conj
37	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 thing	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	is a	present	a fossil	a living thing or a mark			tree rules
2	make	past	fossil	a mark not said here			vn build-26.1-1 «NP.material V NP»: agent=Material mark=Product
3	keep	past · passive		a mark	rock	a shell and a bone and a leaf and a footprint and a dinosaur's poo obl	vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: subject=Theme in rock=Location

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:275-fossils-how-a-living-thing-turns-to-stone-and-how-we-dig-it-up.lesson:0.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/275-fossils-how-a-living-thing-turns-to-stone-and-how-we-dig-it-up/0/