Fossils: how a living thing turns to stone and how we dig it up, sentence 8
In Whitby in England, people once carved snake heads on ammonites and sold them as snakes turned to stone.
Who acts: people, snakes · What happens: carve, sell, turn · To what, where: snake heads, Whitby, Ammonites, stone
This is a sentence of the lesson «Fossils: how a living thing turns to stone and how we dig it up» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (people, snakes), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 2 Whitby | case |
| 2 | Whitby | Whitby | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 carved | obl |
| 3 | in | in | ADP | _ | 4 England | case |
| 4 | England | England | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 Whitby | nmod |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 Whitby | punct |
| 6 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 carved | nsubj |
| 7 | once | once | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Mult | 8 carved | advmod |
| 8 | carved | carve | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 9 | snake | snake | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 heads | compound |
| 10 | heads | head | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 carved | obj |
| 11 | on | on | ADP | _ | 12 ammonites | case |
| 12 | ammonites | ammonite | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 carved | obl |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 sold | cc |
| 14 | sold | sell | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 carved | conj |
| 15 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 sold | obj |
| 16 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 18 turned | mark |
| 17 | snakes | snake | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 turned | nsubj |
| 18 | turned | turn | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 14 sold | advcl |
| 19 | to | to | ADP | _ | 20 stone | case |
| 20 | stone | stone | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 turned | obl |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 carved | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | carve | past | people | snake heads | Whitby in England | on ammonites; once property | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent head=Theme in whitby=Destination | ||
| 2 | sell | past | people not said here | Ammonites = ammonite | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme | ||||
| 3 | turn | past | snakes | stone | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme to stone=Trajectory |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:275-fossils-how-a-living-thing-turns-to-stone-and-how-we-dig-it-up.lesson:8.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×4, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/275-fossils-how-a-living-thing-turns-to-stone-and-how-we-dig-it-up/8/