How old is it? Rock layers, rock clocks, amber and the long story of life, sentence 10

The oldest fossils are about 3.5 billion years old: stromatolites, mounds built by tiny microbes; living stromatolites still grow at Shark Bay in Australia.

Who acts: oldest fossils, living stromatolites · What happens: be, build, live, grow · To what, where: stromatolites, Shark Bay

This is a sentence of the lesson «How old is it? Rock layers, rock clocks, amber and the long story of life» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (oldest fossils, living stromatolites), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 fossils	det
2	oldest	old	ADJ	Degree=Sup	3 fossils	amod
3	fossils	fossil	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 old	nsubj
4	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 old	cop
5	about	about	ADV	_	7 billion	advmod
6	3.5	3.5	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	7 billion	compound
7	billion	billion	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	8 years	nummod
8	years	year	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 old	obl:unmarked
9	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
10	:	:	PUNCT	_	11 stromatolites	punct
11	stromatolites	stromatolite	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 old	parataxis
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 mounds	punct
13	mounds	mound	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 stromatolites	conj
14	built	build	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	11 stromatolites	acl
15	by	by	ADP	_	17 microbes	case
16	tiny	tiny	ADJ	Degree=Pos	17 microbes	amod
17	microbes	microbe	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 built	obl
18	;	;	PUNCT	_	19 living	punct
19	living	live	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	20 stromatolites	amod
20	stromatolites	stromatolite	NOUN	Number=Plur	22 grow	nsubj
21	still	still	ADV	_	22 grow	advmod
22	grow	grow	VERB	Mood=Ind Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 old	parataxis
23	at	at	ADP	_	25 Bay	case
24	Shark	Shark	PROPN	Number=Sing	25 Bay	compound
25	Bay	Bay	PROPN	Number=Sing	22 grow	obl
26	in	in	ADP	_	27 Australia	case
27	Australia	Australia	PROPN	Number=Sing	25 Bay	nmod
28	.	.	PUNCT	_	9 old	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	the oldest fossils			year	old property	tree rules
2	build	participle		stromatolites and mounds not said here			by tiny microbes	vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute
3	live	gerund						vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
4	grow	present	living stromatolites		Shark Bay in Australia	still		vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at bay=Location

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:276-how-old-is-it-rock-layers-rock-clocks-amber-and-the-long-story-of-life.lesson:10.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/276-how-old-is-it-rock-layers-rock-clocks-amber-and-the-long-story-of-life/10/