Sharks, sentence 16
The Greenland shark is the longest-living animal with a backbone known, probably at least 270 years, growing about a centimetre a year.
Who acts: Greenland shark · What happens: live, be, know, grow · To what, where: longest living animal, backbone
This is a sentence of the lesson «Sharks» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Greenland shark), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 shark | det |
| 2 | Greenland | Greenland | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 shark | compound |
| 3 | shark | shark | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 animal | nsubj |
| 4 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 animal | cop |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 animal | det |
| 6 | longest | long | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 9 animal | amod |
| 7 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 6 longest | punct |
| 8 | living | live | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 9 animal | amod |
| 9 | animal | animal | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 10 | with | with | ADP | _ | 12 backbone | case |
| 11 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 12 backbone | det |
| 12 | backbone | backbone | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 animal | nmod |
| 13 | known | know | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 12 backbone | acl |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 years | punct |
| 15 | probably | probably | ADV | _ | 19 years | advmod |
| 16 | at | at | ADP | _ | 17 least | case |
| 17 | least | least | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 18 270 | nmod |
| 18 | 270 | 270 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 19 years | nummod |
| 19 | years | year | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 known | obl:unmarked |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 growing | punct |
| 21 | growing | grow | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 9 animal | advcl |
| 22 | about | about | ADP | _ | 24 centimetre | case |
| 23 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 24 centimetre | det |
| 24 | centimetre | centimetre | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 growing | obl |
| 25 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 26 year | det |
| 26 | year | year | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 growing | obl:unmarked |
| 27 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 9 animal | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | live | gerund | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 2 | is a | present | the Greenland shark | the longest living animal | with a backbone | tree rules | |||
| 3 | know | participle | a backbone not said here | year | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | ||||
| 4 | grow | gerund | the Greenland shark not said here | year | about a centimetre | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme about centimetre=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:028-sharks.lesson:16.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/28-sharks/16/