Evolution myths put right: monkeys, the strongest and missing links, sentence 15
The tailbone, or coccyx, is what is left of a tail, and it still anchors muscles; such leftover parts are called vestigial, and they may have new jobs.
Who acts: tail, parts · What happens: be, anchor, call, have · To what, where: tailbone, muscles, such leftover parts, new jobs · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Evolution myths put right: monkeys, the strongest and missing links» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (tail, parts), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 tailbone | det |
| 2 | tailbone | tailbone | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 left | nsubj |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 coccyx | punct |
| 4 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 5 coccyx | cc |
| 5 | coccyx | coccyx | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 tailbone | conj |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 tailbone | punct |
| 7 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 10 left | cop |
| 8 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 10 left | nsubj |
| 9 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 10 left | aux:pass |
| 10 | left | leave | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 11 | of | of | ADP | _ | 13 tail | case |
| 12 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 13 tail | det |
| 13 | tail | tail | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 left | obl |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 anchors | punct |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 anchors | cc |
| 16 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 18 anchors | nsubj |
| 17 | still | still | ADV | _ | 18 anchors | advmod |
| 18 | anchors | anchor | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 10 left | conj |
| 19 | muscles | muscle | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 anchors | obj |
| 20 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 25 called | punct |
| 21 | such | such | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 parts | amod |
| 22 | leftover | leftover | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 parts | compound |
| 23 | parts | part | NOUN | Number=Plur | 25 called | nsubj:pass |
| 24 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 25 called | aux:pass |
| 25 | called | call | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 10 left | conj |
| 26 | vestigial | vestigial | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 25 called | xcomp |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 have | punct |
| 28 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 31 have | cc |
| 29 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 31 have | nsubj |
| 30 | may | may | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 31 have | aux |
| 31 | have | have | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 25 called | conj |
| 32 | new | new | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 33 jobs | amod |
| 33 | jobs | job | NOUN | Number=Plur | 31 have | obj |
| 34 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 10 left | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present · passive | the tailbone or coccyx | of a tail; leave property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | anchor | present | tail | muscles | still | vn tape-22.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent muscle=Patient | |||
| 3 | call | present · passive | such leftover parts | vestigial property | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient | ||||
| 4 | have | may | parts = part | new jobs | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent job=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:280-evolution-myths-put-right-monkeys-the-strongest-and-missing-links.lesson:15.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/280-evolution-myths-put-right-monkeys-the-strongest-and-missing-links/15/