Evolution myths put right: monkeys, the strongest and missing links, sentence 8
In science a theory is a big explanation backed by a mountain of evidence, like the theory of gravity; in everyday talk «theory» means a guess, but in science it does not.
Who acts: theory, big explanation · What happens: be, back, mean, not do · To what, where: big explanation, science, guess
This is a sentence of the lesson «Evolution myths put right: monkeys, the strongest and missing links» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (theory, big explanation), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 2 science | case |
| 2 | science | science | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 explanation | obl |
| 3 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 4 theory | det |
| 4 | theory | theory | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 explanation | nsubj |
| 5 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 explanation | cop |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 8 explanation | det |
| 7 | big | big | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 explanation | amod |
| 8 | explanation | explanation | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 means | nsubj |
| 9 | backed | back | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 8 explanation | acl |
| 10 | by | by | ADP | _ | 12 mountain | case |
| 11 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 12 mountain | det |
| 12 | mountain | mountain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 backed | obl:agent |
| 13 | of | of | ADP | _ | 14 evidence | case |
| 14 | evidence | evidence | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 mountain | nmod |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 theory | punct |
| 16 | like | like | ADP | _ | 18 theory | case |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 theory | det |
| 18 | theory | theory | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 explanation | conj |
| 19 | of | of | ADP | _ | 20 gravity | case |
| 20 | gravity | gravity | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 theory | nmod |
| 21 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 24 talk | punct |
| 22 | in | in | ADP | _ | 24 talk | case |
| 23 | everyday | everyday | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 24 talk | amod |
| 24 | talk | talk | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 means | obl |
| 25 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 26 theory | punct |
| 26 | theory | theory | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 means | nsubj |
| 27 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 26 theory | punct |
| 28 | means | mean | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 29 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 30 guess | det |
| 30 | guess | guess | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 means | obj |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 36 does | punct |
| 32 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 36 does | cc |
| 33 | in | in | ADP | _ | 34 science | case |
| 34 | science | science | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 does | obl |
| 35 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 36 does | nsubj |
| 36 | does | do | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 28 means | conj |
| 37 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 36 does | advmod |
| 38 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 explanation | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | a theory | a big explanation and the theory of gravity | science | tree rules | |||
| 2 | back | participle | a big explanation and the theory of gravity not said here | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 3 | mean | present | a big explanation and the theory of gravity | a guess | in everyday talk | vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Pivot guess=Theme in talk=Attribute | |||
| 4 | not do | present | theory | science | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:280-evolution-myths-put-right-monkeys-the-strongest-and-missing-links.lesson:8.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×3, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/280-evolution-myths-put-right-monkeys-the-strongest-and-missing-links/8/