Comeback stories: bald eagles, humpback whales, condors and the kakapo, sentence 1

The bald eagle on American coins nearly vanished, because a pesticide called DDT made its eggshells so thin that they cracked when the parents sat on them; after DDT was banned in 1972 and eagles were protected, the numbers grew from about 400 pairs to over 70,000.

Who acts: pesticide, eggshells, parents, numbers · What happens: vanish, call, make, crack, sit, ban · To what, where: bald eagle, pesticide, eggshells, DDT, 1972, eagles · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «Comeback stories: bald eagles, humpback whales, condors and the kakapo» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (pesticide, eggshells, parents, numbers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 eagle	det
2	bald	bald	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 eagle	amod
3	eagle	eagle	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 vanished	nsubj:pass
4	on	on	ADP	_	6 coins	case
5	American	American	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 coins	amod
6	coins	coin	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 eagle	nmod
7	nearly	nearly	ADV	_	8 vanished	advmod
8	vanished	vanish	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 made	punct
10	because	because	SCONJ	_	15 made	mark
11	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 pesticide	det
12	pesticide	pesticide	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 made	nsubj
13	called	call	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	12 pesticide	acl
14	DDT	DDT	PROPN	Number=Sing	13 called	xcomp
15	made	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	8 vanished	advcl
16	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	17 eggshells	nmod:poss
17	eggshells	eggshell	NOUN	Number=Plur	15 made	obj
18	so	so	ADV	_	19 thin	advmod
19	thin	thin	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 made	xcomp
20	that	that	SCONJ	_	22 cracked	mark
21	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	22 cracked	nsubj
22	cracked	crack	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	15 made	advcl
23	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	26 sat	advmod
24	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	25 parents	det
25	parents	parent	NOUN	Number=Plur	26 sat	nsubj
26	sat	sit	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	22 cracked	advcl
27	on	on	ADP	_	28 them	case
28	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	26 sat	obl
29	;	;	PUNCT	_	33 banned	punct
30	after	after	SCONJ	_	33 banned	mark
31	DDT	DDT	PROPN	Number=Sing	33 banned	nsubj:pass
32	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	33 banned	aux:pass
33	banned	ban	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	43 grew	advcl
34	in	in	ADP	_	35 1972	case
35	1972	1972	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	33 banned	obl
36	and	and	CCONJ	_	39 protected	cc
37	eagles	eagle	NOUN	Number=Plur	39 protected	nsubj:pass
38	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	39 protected	aux:pass
39	protected	protect	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	33 banned	conj
40	,	,	PUNCT	_	43 grew	punct
41	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	42 numbers	det
42	numbers	number	NOUN	Number=Plur	43 grew	nsubj
43	grew	grow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	22 cracked	conj
44	from	from	ADP	_	47 pairs	case
45	about	about	ADV	_	46 400	advmod
46	400	400	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	47 pairs	nummod
47	pairs	pair	NOUN	Number=Plur	43 grew	obl
48	to	to	ADP	_	50 70,000	case
49	over	over	ADV	_	50 70,000	advmod
50	70,000	70,000	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	43 grew	obl
51	.	.	PUNCT	_	8 vanished	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	vanish	past · passive		the bald eagle on American coins		nearly property	tree rules
2	call	participle		a pesticide not said here			vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	make	past	a pesticide	pesticide's eggshells		thin property	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset eggshell=Product
4	crack	past	eggshells = eggshell				vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme
5	sit	past	the parents			on eggshells = eggshell	vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on they=Location
6	ban	past · passive		DDT	1972		vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
7	protect	past · passive		eagles			vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: subject=Beneficiary
8	grow	past	the numbers		400 pairs	to 70,000 result	vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.patient V PP.extent PP.source PP.goal»: agent=Patient from pair=Initial_State to 70,000=Result

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:282-comeback-stories-bald-eagles-humpback-whales-condors-and-the-kakapo.lesson:1.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/282-comeback-stories-bald-eagles-humpback-whales-condors-and-the-kakapo/1/