Wolves in Yellowstone, beavers in Britain and bringing nature back, sentence 0
By the 1920s every wolf in Yellowstone Park in America had been killed, and without them the elk grew bold, stood by the rivers and munched the young willow and aspen trees.
Who acts: 1920s, elk · What happens: kill, grow, stand, munch · To what, where: wolf, young willow
This is a sentence of the lesson «Wolves in Yellowstone, beavers in Britain and bringing nature back» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (1920s, elk), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | By | by | ADP | _ | 3 1920s | case |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 1920s | det |
| 3 | 1920s | 1920s | NOUN | Number=Ptan NumForm=Combi NumType=Card | 13 killed | obl |
| 4 | every | every | DET | PronType=Tot | 5 wolf | det |
| 5 | wolf | wolf | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 killed | nsubj:pass |
| 6 | in | in | ADP | _ | 8 Park | case |
| 7 | Yellowstone | Yellowstone | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 Park | compound |
| 8 | Park | Park | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 wolf | nmod |
| 9 | in | in | ADP | _ | 10 America | case |
| 10 | America | America | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 Park | nmod |
| 11 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 killed | aux |
| 12 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 13 killed | aux:pass |
| 13 | killed | kill | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 grew | punct |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 grew | cc |
| 16 | without | without | ADP | _ | 17 them | case |
| 17 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 20 grew | obl |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 elk | det |
| 19 | elk | elk | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 grew | nsubj |
| 20 | grew | grow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 killed | conj |
| 21 | bold | bold | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 grew | xcomp |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 stood | punct |
| 23 | stood | stand | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 20 grew | conj |
| 24 | by | by | ADP | _ | 26 rivers | case |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 rivers | det |
| 26 | rivers | river | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 stood | obl |
| 27 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 28 munched | cc |
| 28 | munched | munch | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 killed | conj |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 31 willow | det |
| 30 | young | young | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 31 willow | amod |
| 31 | willow | willow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 munched | obj |
| 32 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 34 trees | cc |
| 33 | aspen | aspen | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 trees | compound |
| 34 | trees | tree | NOUN | Number=Plur | 31 willow | conj |
| 35 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 13 killed | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | kill | past · perfect · passive | the 1920s | every wolf in Yellowstone Park in America | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme | ||||
| 2 | grow | past | the elk | without them = they; bold property | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 3 | stand | past | the elk not said here | by the rivers | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent by river=Location | ||||
| 4 | munch | past | the 1920s not said here | the young willow and aspen trees | vn chew-39.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent willow=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:283-wolves-in-yellowstone-beavers-in-britain-and-bringing-nature-back.lesson:0.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/283-wolves-in-yellowstone-beavers-in-britain-and-bringing-nature-back/0/