Wolves in Yellowstone, beavers in Britain and bringing nature back, sentence 12
Lynx are shy wild cats that eat deer and are not known to attack people; some people want them back in Scotland, some farmers fear for their sheep, and it is debated carefully.
Who acts: Lynx, shy wild cats, people, farmers · What happens: be, eat, not know, attack, want back, fear · To what, where: shy wild cats, deer, people, Scotland, water
This is a sentence of the lesson «Wolves in Yellowstone, beavers in Britain and bringing nature back» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Lynx, shy wild cats, people, farmers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Lynx | Lynx | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 cats | nsubj |
| 2 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 cats | cop |
| 3 | shy | shy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 cats | amod |
| 4 | wild | wild | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 cats | amod |
| 5 | cats | cat | NOUN | Number=Plur | root | root |
| 6 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 7 eat | nsubj |
| 7 | eat | eat | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 cats | acl:relcl |
| 8 | deer | deer | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 eat | obj |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 known | cc |
| 10 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 12 known | aux:pass |
| 11 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 12 known | advmod |
| 12 | known | know | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 7 eat | conj |
| 13 | to | to | PART | _ | 14 attack | mark |
| 14 | attack | attack | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 12 known | xcomp |
| 15 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 attack | obj |
| 16 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 19 want | punct |
| 17 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 18 people | det |
| 18 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 want | nsubj |
| 19 | want | want | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 cats | parataxis |
| 20 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 19 want | obj |
| 21 | back | back | ADV | _ | 19 want | advmod |
| 22 | in | in | ADP | _ | 23 Scotland | case |
| 23 | Scotland | Scotland | PROPN | Number=Sing | 19 want | obl |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 fear | punct |
| 25 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 26 farmers | det |
| 26 | farmers | farmer | NOUN | Number=Plur | 27 fear | nsubj |
| 27 | fear | fear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 19 want | parataxis |
| 28 | for | for | ADP | _ | 30 sheep | case |
| 29 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 30 sheep | nmod:poss |
| 30 | sheep | sheep | NOUN | Number=Plur | 27 fear | obl |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 35 debated | punct |
| 32 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 35 debated | cc |
| 33 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 35 debated | nsubj:pass |
| 34 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 35 debated | aux:pass |
| 35 | debated | debate | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 27 fear | conj |
| 36 | carefully | carefully | ADV | _ | 35 debated | advmod |
| 37 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 cats | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | Lynx | shy wild cats | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | eat | present | shy wild cats | deer | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent deer=Patient | ||||
| 3 | not know | present · passive | shy wild cats not said here | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V how S_INF»: clause=Stimulus | |||||
| 4 | attack | to-infinitive | shy wild cats not said here | people | vn attack-60.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent people=Patient | ||||
| 5 | want back | present | some people | deer | Scotland | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot they=Theme | |||
| 6 | fear | present | some farmers | for farmers's sheep | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer for sheep=Attribute | ||||
| 7 | debate | present · passive | water | carefully property | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Co-Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:283-wolves-in-yellowstone-beavers-in-britain-and-bringing-nature-back.lesson:12.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/283-wolves-in-yellowstone-beavers-in-britain-and-bringing-nature-back/12/