Wolves in Yellowstone, beavers in Britain and bringing nature back, sentence 16
Wolves howl to call their pack and warn other packs, at any time of night or day; they point their heads up because the sound carries further, and the moon has nothing to do with it.
Who acts: Wolves, people, sound, moon · What happens: howl, call, warn, point up, carry, have · To what, where: pack, other packs, heads, nothing · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Wolves in Yellowstone, beavers in Britain and bringing nature back» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Wolves, people, sound, moon), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Wolves | wolf | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 howl | nsubj |
| 2 | howl | howl | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | to | to | PART | _ | 4 call | mark |
| 4 | call | call | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 2 howl | acl |
| 5 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 6 pack | nmod:poss |
| 6 | pack | pack | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 call | obj |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 8 warn | cc |
| 8 | warn | warn | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 call | conj |
| 9 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 packs | amod |
| 10 | packs | pack | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 warn | obj |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 time | punct |
| 12 | at | at | ADP | _ | 14 time | case |
| 13 | any | any | DET | PronType=Ind | 14 time | det |
| 14 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 warn | obl |
| 15 | of | of | ADP | _ | 16 night | case |
| 16 | night | night | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 time | nmod |
| 17 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 18 day | cc |
| 18 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 night | conj |
| 19 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 21 point | punct |
| 20 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 21 point | nsubj |
| 21 | point | point | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 warn | advcl |
| 22 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 23 heads | nmod:poss |
| 23 | heads | head | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 point | obj |
| 24 | up | up | ADV | _ | 21 point | advmod |
| 25 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 28 carries | mark |
| 26 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 sound | det |
| 27 | sound | sound | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 carries | nsubj |
| 28 | carries | carry | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 21 point | advcl |
| 29 | further | further | ADV | _ | 28 carries | advmod |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 has | punct |
| 31 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 34 has | cc |
| 32 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 33 moon | det |
| 33 | moon | moon | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 has | nsubj |
| 34 | has | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 howl | conj |
| 35 | nothing | nothing | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Neg | 34 has | obj |
| 36 | to | to | PART | _ | 37 do | mark |
| 37 | do | do | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 35 nothing | acl |
| 38 | with | with | ADP | _ | 39 it | case |
| 39 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 37 do | obl |
| 40 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 howl | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | howl | present | Wolves | vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | call | to-infinitive | people's pack | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent pack=Recipient | |||||
| 3 | warn speech: warn | infinitive | other packs | time | vn advise-37.9-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent pack=Recipient | ||||
| 4 | point up | present | people | people's heads | vn wink-40.3.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent head=Patient | ||||
| 5 | carry | present | the sound | further property | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 6 | have | present | the moon | nothing | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent nothing=Patient | ||||
| 7 | do | to-infinitive | the moon not said here | nothing not said here | with wolf | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:283-wolves-in-yellowstone-beavers-in-britain-and-bringing-nature-back.lesson:16.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/283-wolves-in-yellowstone-beavers-in-britain-and-bringing-nature-back/16/