Wolves in Yellowstone, beavers in Britain and bringing nature back, sentence 5
Wolves were killed out of Yellowstone by the 1920s, and 31 wolves were brought back from Canada in 1995 and 1996; without wolves, elk ate young trees along the rivers, and with wolves back, elk moved more and some trees could grow again.
Who acts: 1920s, elk, trees · What happens: kill, bring back, eat, move, grow · To what, where: Wolves, Yellowstone, 31 wolves, Canada, young trees
This is a sentence of the lesson «Wolves in Yellowstone, beavers in Britain and bringing nature back» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (1920s, elk, trees), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Wolves | wolf | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 killed | nsubj:pass |
| 2 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 killed | aux:pass |
| 3 | killed | kill | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 4 | out | out | ADP | _ | 6 Yellowstone | case |
| 5 | of | of | ADP | _ | 6 Yellowstone | case |
| 6 | Yellowstone | Yellowstone | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 killed | obl |
| 7 | by | by | ADP | _ | 9 1920s | case |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 1920s | det |
| 9 | 1920s | 1920s | NOUN | Number=Ptan NumForm=Combi NumType=Card | 3 killed | obl |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 brought | punct |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 brought | cc |
| 12 | 31 | 31 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 13 wolves | nummod |
| 13 | wolves | wolf | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 brought | nsubj:pass |
| 14 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 15 brought | aux:pass |
| 15 | brought | bring | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 killed | conj |
| 16 | back | back | ADV | _ | 15 brought | advmod |
| 17 | from | from | ADP | _ | 18 Canada | case |
| 18 | Canada | Canada | PROPN | Number=Sing | 15 brought | obl |
| 19 | in | in | ADP | _ | 20 1995 | case |
| 20 | 1995 | 1995 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 15 brought | obl |
| 21 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 22 1996 | cc |
| 22 | 1996 | 1996 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 20 1995 | conj |
| 23 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 28 ate | punct |
| 24 | without | without | ADP | _ | 25 wolves | case |
| 25 | wolves | wolf | NOUN | Number=Plur | 28 ate | obl |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 wolves | punct |
| 27 | elk | elk | NOUN | Number=Plur | 28 ate | nsubj |
| 28 | ate | eat | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 killed | parataxis |
| 29 | young | young | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 30 trees | amod |
| 30 | trees | tree | NOUN | Number=Plur | 28 ate | obj |
| 31 | along | along | ADP | _ | 33 rivers | case |
| 32 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 33 rivers | det |
| 33 | rivers | river | NOUN | Number=Plur | 28 ate | obl |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 42 more | punct |
| 35 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 41 moved | cc |
| 36 | with | with | ADP | _ | 37 wolves | case |
| 37 | wolves | wolf | NOUN | Number=Plur | 41 moved | obl |
| 38 | back | back | ADV | _ | 37 wolves | advmod |
| 39 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 37 wolves | punct |
| 40 | elk | elk | NOUN | Number=Plur | 41 moved | nsubj |
| 41 | moved | move | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 28 ate | conj |
| 42 | more | more | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 41 moved | advmod |
| 43 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 47 grow | cc |
| 44 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 45 trees | det |
| 45 | trees | tree | NOUN | Number=Plur | 47 grow | nsubj |
| 46 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 47 grow | aux |
| 47 | grow | grow | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 41 moved | conj |
| 48 | again | again | ADV | _ | 47 grow | advmod |
| 49 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 killed | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | kill | past · passive | the 1920s | Wolves | Yellowstone | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP PP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme out yellowstone=Initial_Location | |||
| 2 | bring back | past · passive | 31 wolves | Canada | in 1995 | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP PP.initial_location»: subject=Theme from canada=Initial_Location | |||
| 3 | eat | past | elk | young trees | without wolves; along the rivers | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tree=Patient | |||
| 4 | move | past | elk | with wolves | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 5 | grow | could | some trees | again | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:283-wolves-in-yellowstone-beavers-in-britain-and-bringing-nature-back.lesson:5.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×4. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/283-wolves-in-yellowstone-beavers-in-britain-and-bringing-nature-back/5/