Bees, worms and soil: the hidden helpers of our food, sentence 18

Ladybirds eat aphids, tiny insects that suck plant juice, so farmers use them and other helpers instead of sprays; this is natural pest control.

Who acts: Ladybirds, tiny insects, farmers, this · What happens: eat, suck, use, be · To what, where: aphids, plant juice, natural pest control

This is a sentence of the lesson «Bees, worms and soil: the hidden helpers of our food» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ladybirds, tiny insects, farmers, this), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ladybirds	ladybird	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 eat	nsubj
2	eat	eat	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	aphids	aphid	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 eat	obj
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 insects	punct
5	tiny	tiny	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 insects	amod
6	insects	insect	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 aphids	appos
7	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 suck	nsubj
8	suck	suck	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 insects	acl:relcl
9	plant	plant	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 juice	compound
10	juice	juice	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 suck	obj
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 use	punct
12	so	so	ADV	_	14 use	advmod
13	farmers	farmer	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 use	nsubj
14	use	use	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 eat	parataxis
15	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	14 use	obj
16	and	and	CCONJ	_	18 helpers	cc
17	other	other	ADJ	Degree=Pos	18 helpers	amod
18	helpers	helper	NOUN	Number=Plur	15 them	conj
19	instead	instead	ADV	ExtPos=ADP	21 sprays	case
20	of	of	ADP	_	19 instead	fixed
21	sprays	spray	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 use	obl
22	;	;	PUNCT	_	27 control	punct
23	this	this	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	27 control	nsubj
24	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	27 control	cop
25	natural	natural	ADJ	Degree=Pos	27 control	amod
26	pest	pest	NOUN	Number=Sing	27 control	compound
27	control	control	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 eat	parataxis
28	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 eat	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	eat	present	Ladybirds	aphids		vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent aphid=Patient
2	suck	present	tiny insects	plant juice		vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent juice=Theme
3	use	present	farmers	aphids = aphid	instead sprays	vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Patient
4	is a	present	this	natural pest control		tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:291-bees-worms-and-soil-the-hidden-helpers-of-our-food.lesson:18.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/291-bees-worms-and-soil-the-hidden-helpers-of-our-food/18/