Dogs from wolves to best friends: living with dogs today, sentence 16
A growl is a warning, not rudeness; a dog that is punished for growling may learn to bite without warning.
Who acts: growl, dog · What happens: be, punish, growl, learn, bite · To what, where: warning, dog
This is a sentence of the lesson «Dogs from wolves to best friends: living with dogs today» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (growl, dog), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 growl | det |
| 2 | growl | growl | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 warning | nsubj |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 warning | cop |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 warning | det |
| 5 | warning | warning | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 rudeness | punct |
| 7 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 8 rudeness | advmod |
| 8 | rudeness | rudeness | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 warning | conj |
| 9 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 11 dog | punct |
| 10 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 11 dog | det |
| 11 | dog | dog | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 learn | nsubj |
| 12 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 14 punished | nsubj:pass |
| 13 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 14 punished | aux:pass |
| 14 | punished | punish | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 11 dog | acl:relcl |
| 15 | for | for | ADP | _ | 16 growling | case |
| 16 | growling | growl | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 14 punished | obl |
| 17 | may | may | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 18 learn | aux |
| 18 | learn | learn | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 5 warning | parataxis |
| 19 | to | to | PART | _ | 20 bite | mark |
| 20 | bite | bite | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 18 learn | xcomp |
| 21 | without | without | ADP | _ | 22 warning | case |
| 22 | warning | warning | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 bite | obl |
| 23 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 warning | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | a growl | a warning and rudeness | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | punish | present · passive | a dog | vn prosecute-33.2-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | |||||
| 3 | growl | gerund | vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 4 | learn | may | a dog | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 5 | bite | to-infinitive | a dog not said here | without warning | vn swat-18.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:292-dogs-from-wolves-to-best-friends-living-with-dogs-today.lesson:16.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/292-dogs-from-wolves-to-best-friends-living-with-dogs-today/16/