Cats through history: Egypt's sacred cats, ship cats and Tom and Jerry, sentence 20

Cats purr when happy but also when hurt or scared, to calm themselves; the purr is made by muscles in the voice box, and lions cannot purr but can roar.

Who acts: Cats, muscles, lions · What happens: purr, hurt, calm, make, not purr, roar · To what, where: birds, purr

This is a sentence of the lesson «Cats through history: Egypt's sacred cats, ship cats and Tom and Jerry» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Cats, muscles, lions), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Cats	cat	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 purr	nsubj
2	purr	purr	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	when	when	SCONJ	_	4 happy	mark
4	happy	happy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 purr	advcl
5	but	but	CCONJ	_	8 hurt	cc
6	also	also	ADV	_	8 hurt	advmod
7	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	8 hurt	advmod
8	hurt	hurt	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 happy	conj
9	or	or	CCONJ	_	10 scared	cc
10	scared	scared	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 hurt	conj
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 calm	punct
12	to	to	PART	_	13 calm	mark
13	calm	calm	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	2 purr	advcl
14	themselves	themselves	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes	13 calm	obj
15	;	;	PUNCT	_	19 made	punct
16	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	17 purr	det
17	purr	purr	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 made	nsubj:pass
18	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	19 made	aux:pass
19	made	make	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	13 calm	advcl
20	by	by	ADP	_	21 muscles	case
21	muscles	muscle	NOUN	Number=Plur	19 made	obl
22	in	in	ADP	_	25 box	case
23	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	25 box	det
24	voice	voice	NOUN	Number=Sing	25 box	compound
25	box	box	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 muscles	nmod
26	,	,	PUNCT	_	31 purr	punct
27	and	and	CCONJ	_	31 purr	cc
28	lions	lion	NOUN	Number=Plur	31 purr	nsubj
29	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	31 purr	aux
30	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	31 purr	advmod
31	purr	purr	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	19 made	parataxis
32	but	but	CCONJ	_	34 roar	cc
33	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	34 roar	aux
34	roar	roar	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	31 purr	conj
35	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 purr	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	purr	present	Cats		vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	hurt	participle	Cats not said here		vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer
3	calm	to-infinitive	Cats not said here	birds = bird	vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus themselves=Experiencer
4	make	present · passive	muscles in the voice box	the purr	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset subject=Product
5	not purr	can	lions		vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent
6	roar	can	lions not said here		vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:294-cats-through-history-egypt-s-sacred-cats-ship-cats-and-tom-and-jerry.lesson:20.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/294-cats-through-history-egypt-s-sacred-cats-ship-cats-and-tom-and-jerry/20/