The big biology quiz, part 2: plants, the body and microbes, sentence 14
In autumn trees stop making green chlorophyll, so yellow and orange colours that were hidden show through, some leaves make new red colours, and then the leaves fall to save water in winter.
Who acts: trees, yellow colours, leaves · What happens: stop, make, hidden, show, fall, save · To what, where: green chlorophyll, yellow colours, new red colours, water
This is a sentence of the lesson «The big biology quiz, part 2: plants, the body and microbes» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (trees, yellow colours, leaves), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 2 autumn | case |
| 2 | autumn | autumn | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 stop | obl |
| 3 | trees | tree | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 stop | nsubj |
| 4 | stop | stop | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 22 make | conj |
| 5 | making | make | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 4 stop | xcomp |
| 6 | green | green | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 chlorophyll | amod |
| 7 | chlorophyll | chlorophyll | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 making | obj |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 stop | punct |
| 9 | so | so | ADV | _ | 10 yellow | advmod |
| 10 | yellow | yellow | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 colours | amod |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 orange | cc |
| 12 | orange | orange | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 yellow | conj |
| 13 | colours | colour | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 show | nsubj |
| 14 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 16 hidden | nsubj:pass |
| 15 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 hidden | aux:pass |
| 16 | hidden | hidden | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 13 colours | acl:relcl |
| 17 | show | show | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 stop | conj |
| 18 | through | through | ADV | _ | 17 show | advmod |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 make | punct |
| 20 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 21 leaves | det |
| 21 | leaves | leaf | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 make | nsubj |
| 22 | make | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 23 | new | new | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 25 colours | amod |
| 24 | red | red | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 25 colours | amod |
| 25 | colours | colour | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 make | obj |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 fall | punct |
| 27 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 31 fall | cc |
| 28 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 31 fall | advmod |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 leaves | det |
| 30 | leaves | leaf | NOUN | Number=Plur | 31 fall | nsubj |
| 31 | fall | fall | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 22 make | conj |
| 32 | to | to | PART | _ | 33 save | mark |
| 33 | save | save | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 31 fall | advcl |
| 34 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 save | obj |
| 35 | in | in | ADP | _ | 36 winter | case |
| 36 | winter | winter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 save | obl |
| 37 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 stop | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | stop | present | trees | autumn | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality | ||||
| 2 | make | gerund | trees not said here | green chlorophyll | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset chlorophyll=Product | ||||
| 3 | hidden | past · passive | yellow colours | tree rules | |||||
| 4 | show | present | yellow colours | through property | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 5 | make | present | some leaves | new red colours | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset colour=Product | ||||
| 6 | fall | present | the leaves | then | vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 7 | save | to-infinitive | the leaves not said here | water | winter | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent water=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:299-the-big-biology-quiz-part-2-plants-the-body-and-microbes.lesson:14.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/299-the-big-biology-quiz-part-2-plants-the-body-and-microbes/14/