The rainforest from below: understorey and forest floor, sentence 10

Tapirs are shy plant-eaters with a short flexible snout that grabs leaves and can work as a snorkel; their closest relatives are horses and rhinos, not pigs.

Who acts: Tapirs, short flexible snout, closest relatives · What happens: be, grab, work · To what, where: shy plant eaters, leaves, horses

This is a sentence of the lesson «The rainforest from below: understorey and forest floor» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Tapirs, short flexible snout, closest relatives), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Tapirs	tapir	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 eaters	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 eaters	cop
3	shy	shy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 eaters	amod
4	plant	plant	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 eaters	compound
5	-	-	PUNCT	_	4 plant	punct
6	eaters	eater	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
7	with	with	ADP	_	11 snout	case
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 snout	det
9	short	short	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 snout	amod
10	flexible	flexible	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 snout	amod
11	snout	snout	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 eaters	nmod
12	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	13 grabs	nsubj
13	grabs	grab	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 snout	acl:relcl
14	leaves	leaf	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 grabs	obj
15	and	and	CCONJ	_	17 work	cc
16	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	17 work	aux
17	work	work	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	13 grabs	conj
18	as	as	ADP	_	20 snorkel	case
19	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	20 snorkel	det
20	snorkel	snorkel	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 work	obl
21	;	;	PUNCT	_	6 eaters	punct
22	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	24 relatives	nmod:poss
23	closest	close	ADJ	Degree=Sup	24 relatives	amod
24	relatives	relative	NOUN	Number=Plur	26 horses	nsubj
25	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	26 horses	cop
26	horses	horse	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 eaters	parataxis
27	and	and	CCONJ	_	28 rhinos	cc
28	rhinos	rhino	NOUN	Number=Plur	26 horses	conj
29	,	,	PUNCT	_	31 pigs	punct
30	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	31 pigs	advmod
31	pigs	pig	NOUN	Number=Plur	26 horses	conj
32	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 eaters	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	is a	present	Tapirs	shy plant eaters	with a short flexible snout	tree rules
2	grab	present	a short flexible snout	leaves		vn steal-10.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent leaf=Theme
3	work	can	a short flexible snout not said here		as a snorkel	vn employment-95.3 «NP V PP.attribute PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent as snorkel=Attribute
4	is a	present	Tapirs's closest relatives	horses and rhinos and pigs		tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:003-the-rainforest-from-below.lesson:10.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/3-the-rainforest-from-below/10/