The rainforest from below: understorey and forest floor, sentence 12

On the warm, wet floor fungi, bacteria, termites and worms break dead leaves down in weeks, and the trees take the nutrients straight back, which is why cleared rainforest land often becomes poor within a few years of farming.

Who acts: trees, cleared rainforest land · What happens: break down, take, be, clear, become · To what, where: dead leaves, warm wet floor fungi, nutrients

This is a sentence of the lesson «The rainforest from below: understorey and forest floor» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (trees, cleared rainforest land), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	On	on	ADP	_	7 fungi	case
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 fungi	det
3	warm	warm	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 fungi	amod
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 warm	punct
5	wet	wet	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 fungi	amod
6	floor	floor	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 fungi	compound
7	fungi	fungi	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 break	obl
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 bacteria	punct
9	bacteria	bacteria	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 fungi	conj
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 termites	punct
11	termites	termite	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 bacteria	conj
12	and	and	CCONJ	_	13 worms	cc
13	worms	worm	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 termites	conj
14	break	break	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
15	dead	dead	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 leaves	amod
16	leaves	leaf	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 break	obj
17	down	down	ADV	_	14 break	advmod
18	in	in	ADP	_	19 weeks	case
19	weeks	week	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 break	obl
20	,	,	PUNCT	_	24 take	punct
21	and	and	CCONJ	_	24 take	cc
22	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	23 trees	det
23	trees	tree	NOUN	Number=Plur	24 take	nsubj
24	take	take	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 break	conj
25	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	26 nutrients	det
26	nutrients	nutrient	NOUN	Number=Plur	24 take	obj
27	straight	straight	ADV	_	28 back	advmod
28	back	back	ADV	_	24 take	advmod
29	,	,	PUNCT	_	32 why	punct
30	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	32 why	nsubj
31	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	32 why	cop
32	why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	24 take	advmod
33	cleared	clear	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	35 land	amod
34	rainforest	rainforest	NOUN	Number=Sing	35 land	compound
35	land	land	NOUN	Number=Sing	37 becomes	nsubj
36	often	often	ADV	_	37 becomes	advmod
37	becomes	become	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	32 why	advcl:relcl
38	poor	poor	ADJ	Degree=Pos	37 becomes	xcomp
39	within	within	ADP	_	42 years	case
40	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	42 years	det
41	few	few	ADJ	Degree=Pos	42 years	amod
42	years	year	NOUN	Number=Plur	38 poor	obl
43	of	of	ADP	_	44 farming	case
44	farming	farming	NOUN	Number=Sing	42 years	nmod
45	.	.	PUNCT	_	14 break	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: neg
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	break down	present		dead leaves	the warm wet floor fungi and bacteria and termites and worms	week	down property	vn break-45.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent leaf=Patient
2	take	present	the trees	the nutrients				vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent nutrient=Theme
3	is	present					why property	tree rules
4	clear	participle						vn clear-10.3-1 «NP.Source V»: agent=Source
5	become	present	cleared rainforest land				often, poor property	vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:003-the-rainforest-from-below.lesson:12.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R6-punct-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/3-the-rainforest-from-below/12/