Snakes and lizards, sentence 11
A rattle is made of hollow rings of keratin that click together as a warning; a ring is added at each shed, and snakes may shed several times a year, so the count doesn't tell the age.
Who acts: hollow rings, snakes, count · What happens: make, click, add, shed, not tell · To what, where: rattle, ring, shed, age · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Snakes and lizards» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (hollow rings, snakes, count), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 rattle | det |
| 2 | rattle | rattle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 made | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 made | aux:pass |
| 4 | made | make | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 5 | of | of | ADP | _ | 7 rings | case |
| 6 | hollow | hollow | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 rings | amod |
| 7 | rings | ring | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 made | obl |
| 8 | of | of | ADP | _ | 9 keratin | case |
| 9 | keratin | keratin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 rings | nmod |
| 10 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 11 click | nsubj |
| 11 | click | click | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 rings | acl:relcl |
| 12 | together | together | ADV | _ | 11 click | advmod |
| 13 | as | as | ADP | _ | 15 warning | case |
| 14 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 15 warning | det |
| 15 | warning | warning | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 click | obl |
| 16 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 20 added | punct |
| 17 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 18 ring | det |
| 18 | ring | ring | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 added | nsubj:pass |
| 19 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 20 added | aux:pass |
| 20 | added | add | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 made | parataxis |
| 21 | at | at | ADP | _ | 23 shed | case |
| 22 | each | each | DET | PronType=Tot | 23 shed | det |
| 23 | shed | shed | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 added | obl |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 shed | punct |
| 25 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 28 shed | cc |
| 26 | snakes | snake | NOUN | Number=Plur | 28 shed | nsubj |
| 27 | may | may | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 28 shed | aux |
| 28 | shed | shed | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 20 added | conj |
| 29 | several | several | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 30 times | amod |
| 30 | times | time | NOUN | Number=Plur | 28 shed | obl:unmarked |
| 31 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 32 year | det |
| 32 | year | year | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 times | nmod:unmarked |
| 33 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 39 tell | punct |
| 34 | so | so | ADV | _ | 39 tell | advmod |
| 35 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 36 count | det |
| 36 | count | count | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 tell | nsubj |
| 37 | does | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 39 tell | aux |
| 38 | n't | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 39 tell | advmod |
| 39 | tell | tell | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 28 shed | conj |
| 40 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 41 age | det |
| 41 | age | age | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 tell | obj |
| 42 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 made | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | make | present · passive | a rattle | of hollow rings of keratin | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product | ||||
| 2 | click | present | hollow rings of keratin | as a warning; together property | vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 3 | add speech: assert | present · passive | a ring | each shed | vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | ||||
| 4 | shed | may | snakes | time | vn substance_emission-43.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Source | ||||
| 5 | not tell speech: assert | present · do-support | the count | the age | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent age=Recipient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:030-snakes-and-lizards.lesson:11.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/30-snakes-and-lizards/11/