The big biology quiz, part 3: dinosaurs, evolution, conservation and food, sentence 16
Wolves were brought back to Yellowstone in 1995 and changed where and how elk grazed, and some trees grew back along rivers; scientists still argue about how big this ripple was, but a top predator can shape a whole food web.
Who acts: elk, trees, scientists, ripple, top predator · What happens: bring back, change, graze, grow back, argue, be · To what, where: Wolves, 1995, rivers, whole food web
This is a sentence of the lesson «The big biology quiz, part 3: dinosaurs, evolution, conservation and food» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (elk, trees, scientists, ripple), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Wolves | wolf | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 brought | nsubj:pass |
| 2 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 brought | aux:pass |
| 3 | brought | bring | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 4 | back | back | ADV | _ | 3 brought | advmod |
| 5 | to | to | ADP | _ | 6 Yellowstone | case |
| 6 | Yellowstone | Yellowstone | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 back | obl |
| 7 | in | in | ADP | _ | 8 1995 | case |
| 8 | 1995 | 1995 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 3 brought | obl |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 changed | cc |
| 10 | changed | change | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 brought | conj |
| 11 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 15 grazed | advmod |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 how | cc |
| 13 | how | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 11 where | conj |
| 14 | elk | elk | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 grazed | nsubj |
| 15 | grazed | graze | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 changed | advcl |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 grew | punct |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 grew | cc |
| 18 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 19 trees | det |
| 19 | trees | tree | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 grew | nsubj |
| 20 | grew | grow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 brought | conj |
| 21 | back | back | ADV | _ | 20 grew | advmod |
| 22 | along | along | ADP | _ | 23 rivers | case |
| 23 | rivers | river | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 grew | obl |
| 24 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 27 argue | punct |
| 25 | scientists | scientist | NOUN | Number=Plur | 27 argue | nsubj |
| 26 | still | still | ADV | _ | 27 argue | advmod |
| 27 | argue | argue | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 10 changed | parataxis |
| 28 | about | about | ADP | _ | 30 big | case |
| 29 | how | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 30 big | advmod |
| 30 | big | big | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 27 argue | obl |
| 31 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 32 ripple | det |
| 32 | ripple | ripple | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 big | nsubj |
| 33 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 30 big | cop |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 40 shape | punct |
| 35 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 40 shape | cc |
| 36 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 38 predator | det |
| 37 | top | top | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 38 predator | amod |
| 38 | predator | predator | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 shape | nsubj |
| 39 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 40 shape | aux |
| 40 | shape | shape | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 27 argue | conj |
| 41 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 44 web | det |
| 42 | whole | whole | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 44 web | amod |
| 43 | food | food | NOUN | Number=Sing | 44 web | compound |
| 44 | web | web | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 shape | obj |
| 45 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 brought | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- narrate
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | bring back | past · passive | Wolves | 1995 | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: subject=Theme | ||||
| 2 | change | past | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 3 | graze | past | elk | vn dine-39.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | grow back | past | some trees | rivers | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme along river=Location | ||||
| 5 | argue speech: disagree | present | scientists | still | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 6 | is | past | this ripple | big property | tree rules | ||||
| 7 | shape | can | a top predator | a whole food web | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset web=Product |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:300-the-big-biology-quiz-part-3-dinosaurs-evolution-conservation-and-food.lesson:16.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×1, R3-conj-first ×1, R5-strong ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/300-the-big-biology-quiz-part-3-dinosaurs-evolution-conservation-and-food/16/