How owls work: silent wings, turning heads, pellets and owl myths, sentence 11
Owl eyes are tube-shaped and fixed, so they cannot roll, and they are so big they fill much of the skull; owls see in light far too dim for us, but not in total darkness.
Who acts: eyes, owls · What happens: shape, fix, not roll, be, fill, see · To what, where: Owl eyes, much, light
This is a sentence of the lesson «How owls work: silent wings, turning heads, pellets and owl myths» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (eyes, owls), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Owl | owl | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 eyes | compound |
| 2 | eyes | eye | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 shaped | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 shaped | aux:pass |
| 4 | tube | tube | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 shaped | compound |
| 5 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 6 shaped | punct |
| 6 | shaped | shape | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 8 fixed | cc |
| 8 | fixed | fix | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 6 shaped | conj |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 roll | punct |
| 10 | so | so | ADV | _ | 14 roll | advmod |
| 11 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 roll | nsubj |
| 12 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 14 roll | aux |
| 13 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 14 roll | advmod |
| 14 | roll | roll | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 6 shaped | parataxis |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 big | punct |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 big | cc |
| 17 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 20 big | nsubj |
| 18 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 20 big | cop |
| 19 | so | so | ADV | _ | 20 big | advmod |
| 20 | big | big | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 shaped | conj |
| 21 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 22 fill | nsubj |
| 22 | fill | fill | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 20 big | conj |
| 23 | much | much | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 22 fill | obj |
| 24 | of | of | ADP | _ | 26 skull | case |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 skull | det |
| 26 | skull | skull | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 much | obl |
| 27 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 29 see | punct |
| 28 | owls | owl | NOUN | Number=Plur | 29 see | nsubj |
| 29 | see | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 22 fill | conj |
| 30 | in | in | ADP | _ | 31 light | case |
| 31 | light | light | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 see | obl |
| 32 | far | far | ADV | Degree=Pos | 34 dim | advmod |
| 33 | too | too | ADV | _ | 34 dim | advmod |
| 34 | dim | dim | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 29 see | xcomp |
| 35 | for | for | ADP | _ | 36 us | case |
| 36 | us | we | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 34 dim | obl |
| 37 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 42 darkness | punct |
| 38 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 42 darkness | cc |
| 39 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 42 darkness | advmod |
| 40 | in | in | ADP | _ | 42 darkness | case |
| 41 | total | total | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 42 darkness | amod |
| 42 | darkness | darkness | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 fill | parataxis |
| 43 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 shaped | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | shape | present · passive | Owl eyes | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product | |||||
| 2 | fix | participle | vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient | ||||||
| 3 | not roll | can | eyes = eye | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 4 | is | present | eyes = eye | big property | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | fill | present | eyes = eye | much | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent much=Patient | ||||
| 6 | see | present | owls | light | dim property | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:302-how-owls-work-silent-wings-turning-heads-pellets-and-owl-myths.lesson:11.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/302-how-owls-work-silent-wings-turning-heads-pellets-and-owl-myths/11/