How owls work: silent wings, turning heads, pellets and owl myths, sentence 13
An owl pellet is a ball of fur and bones the owl coughs up, not poo, because owls swallow small prey whole and cannot digest bone and fur; scientists count the skulls inside to learn which small mammals live nearby.
Who acts: owl pellet, owl, owls, scientists, small mammals · What happens: be, cough up, swallow, not digest, count, learn · To what, where: ball, bones, small prey, bone, skulls · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «How owls work: silent wings, turning heads, pellets and owl myths» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (owl pellet, owl, owls, scientists), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | An | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 pellet | det |
| 2 | owl | owl | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 pellet | compound |
| 3 | pellet | pellet | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 ball | nsubj |
| 4 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 ball | cop |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 ball | det |
| 6 | ball | ball | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 7 | of | of | ADP | _ | 8 fur | case |
| 8 | fur | fur | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 ball | nmod |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 bones | cc |
| 10 | bones | bone | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 fur | conj |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 owl | det |
| 12 | owl | owl | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 coughs | nsubj |
| 13 | coughs | cough | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 10 bones | acl:relcl |
| 14 | up | up | ADP | _ | 13 coughs | compound:prt |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 poo | punct |
| 16 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 17 poo | advmod |
| 17 | poo | poo | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 coughs | conj |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 whole | punct |
| 19 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 21 swallow | mark |
| 20 | owls | owl | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 swallow | nsubj |
| 21 | swallow | swallow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 ball | advcl |
| 22 | small | small | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 prey | amod |
| 23 | prey | prey | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 swallow | obj |
| 24 | whole | whole | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 swallow | xcomp |
| 25 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 28 digest | cc |
| 26 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 28 digest | aux |
| 27 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 28 digest | advmod |
| 28 | digest | digest | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 21 swallow | conj |
| 29 | bone | bone | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 digest | obj |
| 30 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 31 fur | cc |
| 31 | fur | fur | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 bone | conj |
| 32 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 34 count | punct |
| 33 | scientists | scientist | NOUN | Number=Plur | 34 count | nsubj |
| 34 | count | count | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 ball | parataxis |
| 35 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 36 skulls | det |
| 36 | skulls | skull | NOUN | Number=Plur | 34 count | obj |
| 37 | inside | inside | ADV | _ | 34 count | advmod |
| 38 | to | to | PART | _ | 39 learn | mark |
| 39 | learn | learn | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 34 count | advcl |
| 40 | which | which | DET | PronType=Int | 42 mammals | det |
| 41 | small | small | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 42 mammals | amod |
| 42 | mammals | mammal | NOUN | Number=Plur | 43 live | nsubj |
| 43 | live | live | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 39 learn | ccomp |
| 44 | nearby | nearby | ADV | _ | 43 live | advmod |
| 45 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 ball | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | a owl pellet | a ball | of fur and bones | tree rules | |||
| 2 | cough up | present | the owl | bones not said here | vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bone=Theme | ||||
| 3 | swallow | present | owls | small prey | whole property | vn gobble-39.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent prey=Patient | |||
| 4 | not digest | can | owls not said here | bone and fur | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | count | present | scientists | the skulls | inside property | vn multiply-108 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent skull=Theme | |||
| 6 | learn | to-infinitive | scientists not said here | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 7 | live | present | which small mammals | nearby property | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:302-how-owls-work-silent-wings-turning-heads-pellets-and-owl-myths.lesson:13.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/302-how-owls-work-silent-wings-turning-heads-pellets-and-owl-myths/13/