Parrots of the world: macaws, cockatoos, African greys, lorikeets and the cheeky kea, sentence 12
African greys are famous mimics that can learn many words and sounds; in the wild they copy the calls of their flock, and since 2016 trade in wild-caught African greys has been banned worldwide.
Who acts: African greys, famous mimics, greys · What happens: be, learn, copy, catch, ban, call · To what, where: famous mimics, many words, calls, wild, 2016 trade, flock · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Parrots of the world: macaws, cockatoos, African greys, lorikeets and the cheeky kea» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (African greys, famous mimics, greys), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | African | African | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 greys | amod |
| 2 | greys | grey | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 mimics | nsubj |
| 3 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 mimics | cop |
| 4 | famous | famous | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 mimics | amod |
| 5 | mimics | mimic | NOUN | Number=Plur | root | root |
| 6 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 8 learn | nsubj |
| 7 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 8 learn | aux |
| 8 | learn | learn | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 5 mimics | acl:relcl |
| 9 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 words | amod |
| 10 | words | word | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 learn | obj |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 sounds | cc |
| 12 | sounds | sound | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 words | conj |
| 13 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 18 copy | punct |
| 14 | in | in | ADP | _ | 16 wild | case |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 wild | det |
| 16 | wild | wild | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 copy | obl |
| 17 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 18 copy | nsubj |
| 18 | copy | copy | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 learn | conj |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 calls | det |
| 20 | calls | call | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 copy | obj |
| 21 | of | of | ADP | _ | 23 flock | case |
| 22 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 23 flock | nmod:poss |
| 23 | flock | flock | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 calls | nmod |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 37 banned | punct |
| 25 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 37 banned | cc |
| 26 | since | since | SCONJ | _ | 37 banned | mark |
| 27 | 2016 | 2016 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 28 trade | nummod |
| 28 | trade | trade | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 banned | nsubj:pass |
| 29 | in | in | ADP | _ | 34 greys | case |
| 30 | wild | wild | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 34 greys | amod |
| 31 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 30 wild | punct |
| 32 | caught | catch | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 34 greys | amod |
| 33 | African | African | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 34 greys | amod |
| 34 | greys | grey | NOUN | Number=Plur | 28 trade | nmod |
| 35 | has | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 37 banned | aux |
| 36 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 37 banned | aux:pass |
| 37 | banned | ban | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 18 copy | conj |
| 38 | worldwide | worldwide | ADV | _ | 37 banned | advmod |
| 39 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 mimics | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | African greys | famous mimics | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | learn | can | famous mimics | many words and sounds | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent word=Topic | ||||
| 3 | copy | present | greys = grey | the calls of greys's flock | the wild | vn scribble-25.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent call=Theme in wild=Destination | |||
| 4 | catch | participle | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 5 | ban | present · perfect · passive | 2016 trade in wild caught African greys | worldwide property | vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | ||||
| 6 | call | greys's flock | nom call «communication transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:303-parrots-of-the-world-macaws-cockatoos-african-greys-lorikeets-and-the-cheeky-kea.lesson:12.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/303-parrots-of-the-world-macaws-cockatoos-african-greys-lorikeets-and-the-cheeky-kea/12/