Ants of the world: weaver ants, bullet ants, honeypot ants and trap-jaw ants, sentence 6
There is no leader in front; each ant follows a scent trail laid by others, and if you wipe your finger across it, the ants in that spot are lost for a while.
Who acts: leader, ant, you · What happens: be, follow, lay, wipe, lose · To what, where: scent trail, finger, leader, ants
This is a sentence of the lesson «Ants of the world: weaver ants, bullet ants, honeypot ants and trap-jaw ants» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (leader, ant, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | There | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 2 is | expl |
| 2 | is | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 4 leader | det |
| 4 | leader | leader | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 is | nsubj |
| 5 | in | in | ADP | _ | 6 front | case |
| 6 | front | front | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 leader | nmod |
| 7 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 10 follows | punct |
| 8 | each | each | DET | PronType=Tot | 9 ant | det |
| 9 | ant | ant | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 follows | nsubj |
| 10 | follows | follow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 is | parataxis |
| 11 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 13 trail | det |
| 12 | scent | scent | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 trail | compound |
| 13 | trail | trail | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 follows | obj |
| 14 | laid | lay | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 13 trail | acl |
| 15 | by | by | ADP | _ | 16 others | case |
| 16 | others | other | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 laid | obl:agent |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 lost | punct |
| 18 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 33 lost | cc |
| 19 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 21 wipe | mark |
| 20 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 21 wipe | nsubj |
| 21 | wipe | wipe | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 33 lost | advcl |
| 22 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 23 finger | nmod:poss |
| 23 | finger | finger | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 wipe | obj |
| 24 | across | across | ADP | _ | 25 it | case |
| 25 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 21 wipe | obl |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 wipe | punct |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 ants | det |
| 28 | ants | ant | NOUN | Number=Plur | 33 lost | nsubj |
| 29 | in | in | ADP | _ | 31 spot | case |
| 30 | that | that | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 31 spot | det |
| 31 | spot | spot | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 ants | nmod |
| 32 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 33 lost | aux:pass |
| 33 | lost | lose | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 2 is | conj |
| 34 | for | for | ADP | _ | 36 while | case |
| 35 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 36 while | det |
| 36 | while | while | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 lost | obl |
| 37 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 is | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | be | present | no leader in front | there | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 2 | follow | present | each ant | a scent trail | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent trail=Theme | ||||
| 3 | lay | participle | a scent trail not said here | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | wipe a condition, not said to happen | present | you | your finger | leader | vn funnel-9.3-1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent finger=Theme across it=Trajectory | |||
| 5 | lose | present · passive | the ants in that spot | while | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Eventuality |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:304-ants-of-the-world-weaver-ants-bullet-ants-honeypot-ants-and-trap-jaw-ants.lesson:6.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/304-ants-of-the-world-weaver-ants-bullet-ants-honeypot-ants-and-trap-jaw-ants/6/