Sharks by kind, small and strange: walking sharks, wobbegongs, cookiecutters and goblin sharks, sentence 11
The cookiecutter's belly glows to hide its shape against the light from above, except for a dark collar; some scientists think the collar lures big hunters close, but this is still argued.
Who acts: belly, scientists, collar · What happens: glow, hide, think, lure, argue · To what, where: shape, big hunters, this · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Sharks by kind, small and strange: walking sharks, wobbegongs, cookiecutters and goblin sharks» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (belly, scientists, collar), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 cookiecutter | det |
| 2 | cookiecutter | cookiecutter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 belly | nmod:poss |
| 3 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 2 cookiecutter | case |
| 4 | belly | belly | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 glows | nsubj |
| 5 | glows | glow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | to | to | PART | _ | 7 hide | mark |
| 7 | hide | hide | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 5 glows | advcl |
| 8 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 9 shape | nmod:poss |
| 9 | shape | shape | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 hide | obj |
| 10 | against | against | ADP | _ | 12 light | case |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 light | det |
| 12 | light | light | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 hide | obl |
| 13 | from | from | ADP | _ | 14 above | case |
| 14 | above | above | ADV | _ | 7 hide | obl |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 collar | punct |
| 16 | except | except | ADP | _ | 20 collar | case |
| 17 | for | for | ADP | _ | 20 collar | case |
| 18 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 20 collar | det |
| 19 | dark | dark | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 collar | amod |
| 20 | collar | collar | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 hide | obl |
| 21 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 24 think | punct |
| 22 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 23 scientists | det |
| 23 | scientists | scientist | NOUN | Number=Plur | 24 think | nsubj |
| 24 | think | think | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 glows | parataxis |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 collar | det |
| 26 | collar | collar | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 lures | nsubj |
| 27 | lures | lure | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 24 think | ccomp |
| 28 | big | big | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 29 hunters | amod |
| 29 | hunters | hunter | NOUN | Number=Plur | 27 lures | obj |
| 30 | close | close | ADV | _ | 27 lures | xcomp |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 36 argued | punct |
| 32 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 36 argued | cc |
| 33 | this | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 36 argued | nsubj:pass |
| 34 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 36 argued | aux:pass |
| 35 | still | still | ADV | _ | 36 argued | advmod |
| 36 | argued | argue | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 5 glows | conj |
| 37 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 glows | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | glow | present | the cookiecutter's belly | vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 2 | hide | to-infinitive | the cookiecutter's belly not said here | belly's shape | against the light; except a dark collar | vn concealment-16-1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent shape=Patient from above=Beneficiary | |||
| 3 | think speech: other | present | some scientists | vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | |||||
| 4 | lure | present | the collar | big hunters | vn lure-59.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hunter=Patient | ||||
| 5 | argue speech: disagree | present · passive | this | still | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V S»: subject=Topic |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:311-sharks-by-kind-small-and-strange-walking-sharks-wobbegongs-cookiecutters-and-goblin-sharks.lesson:11.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×3. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/311-sharks-by-kind-small-and-strange-walking-sharks-wobbegongs-cookiecutters-and-goblin-sharks/11/