Whales by kind, the baleen whales: blue, fin, humpback, grey, right and minke, sentence 13
Right whales have rough white patches on their heads covered in tiny whale lice; the pattern differs on each whale, so scientists recognise each one, and only about 370 North Atlantic right whales were left, reported.
Who acts: Right whales, pattern, scientists · What happens: have, cover, differ, recognise, leave, report · To what, where: rough white patches, heads, one, 370 Atlantic right whales
This is a sentence of the lesson «Whales by kind, the baleen whales: blue, fin, humpback, grey, right and minke» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Right whales, pattern, scientists), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Right | right | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 whales | amod |
| 2 | whales | whale | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 have | nsubj |
| 3 | have | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 40 reported | ccomp |
| 4 | rough | rough | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 patches | amod |
| 5 | white | white | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 patches | amod |
| 6 | patches | patch | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 have | obj |
| 7 | on | on | ADP | _ | 9 heads | case |
| 8 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 9 heads | nmod:poss |
| 9 | heads | head | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 patches | nmod |
| 10 | covered | cover | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 6 patches | acl |
| 11 | in | in | ADP | _ | 14 lice | case |
| 12 | tiny | tiny | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 lice | amod |
| 13 | whale | whale | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 lice | compound |
| 14 | lice | louse | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 covered | obl |
| 15 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 18 differs | punct |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 pattern | det |
| 17 | pattern | pattern | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 differs | nsubj |
| 18 | differs | differ | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 have | parataxis |
| 19 | on | on | ADP | _ | 21 whale | case |
| 20 | each | each | DET | PronType=Tot | 21 whale | det |
| 21 | whale | whale | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 differs | obl |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 recognise | punct |
| 23 | so | so | ADV | _ | 25 recognise | advmod |
| 24 | scientists | scientist | NOUN | Number=Plur | 25 recognise | nsubj |
| 25 | recognise | recognise | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 18 differs | conj |
| 26 | each | each | DET | PronType=Tot | 27 one | det |
| 27 | one | one | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 recognise | obj |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 38 left | punct |
| 29 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 38 left | cc |
| 30 | only | only | ADV | _ | 32 370 | advmod |
| 31 | about | about | ADV | _ | 32 370 | advmod |
| 32 | 370 | 370 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 36 whales | nummod |
| 33 | North | North | PROPN | Number=Sing | 34 Atlantic | compound |
| 34 | Atlantic | Atlantic | PROPN | Number=Sing | 36 whales | compound |
| 35 | right | right | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 36 whales | amod |
| 36 | whales | whale | NOUN | Number=Plur | 38 left | nsubj |
| 37 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 38 left | aux:pass |
| 38 | left | leave | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 have | conj |
| 39 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 40 reported | punct |
| 40 | reported | report | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 41 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 40 reported | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | present | Right whales | rough white patches | whales's heads | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent patch=Patient | |||
| 2 | cover | participle | rough white patches not said here | in tiny whale lice | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent in louse=Theme | ||||
| 3 | differ | present | the pattern | on each whale | vn correspond-36.1 «NP V PP.theme S»: agent=Agent on whale=Topic | ||||
| 4 | recognise | present | scientists | each one | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer one=Stimulus | ||||
| 5 | leave | past · passive | 370 Atlantic right whales | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | |||||
| 6 | report | past | vn characterize-29.2-1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:312-whales-by-kind-the-baleen-whales-blue-fin-humpback-grey-right-and-minke.lesson:13.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/312-whales-by-kind-the-baleen-whales-blue-fin-humpback-grey-right-and-minke/13/