Whales by kind, the baleen whales: blue, fin, humpback, grey, right and minke, sentence 17
Whales dive to eat and come up to poo, and their poo, rich in iron, feeds tiny floating plants near the surface, which feed krill; so more whales can mean more krill, not less.
Who acts: Whales, poo, tiny floating plants, more whales · What happens: dive, eat, come up, feed, float, mean · To what, where: poo, tiny floating plants, surface, krill, more krill
This is a sentence of the lesson «Whales by kind, the baleen whales: blue, fin, humpback, grey, right and minke» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Whales, poo, tiny floating plants, more whales), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Whales | whale | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 dive | nsubj |
| 2 | dive | dive | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | to | to | PART | _ | 4 eat | mark |
| 4 | eat | eat | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 2 dive | advcl |
| 5 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 6 come | cc |
| 6 | come | come | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 eat | conj |
| 7 | up | up | ADV | _ | 6 come | advmod |
| 8 | to | to | ADP | _ | 9 poo | case |
| 9 | poo | poo | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 come | obl |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 feeds | punct |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 feeds | cc |
| 12 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 13 poo | nmod:poss |
| 13 | poo | poo | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 feeds | nsubj |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 rich | punct |
| 15 | rich | rich | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 poo | amod |
| 16 | in | in | ADP | _ | 17 iron | case |
| 17 | iron | iron | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 rich | obl |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 poo | punct |
| 19 | feeds | feed | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 dive | conj |
| 20 | tiny | tiny | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 22 plants | amod |
| 21 | floating | float | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 22 plants | amod |
| 22 | plants | plant | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 feeds | obj |
| 23 | near | near | ADP | _ | 25 surface | case |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 surface | det |
| 25 | surface | surface | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 plants | nmod |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 krill | punct |
| 27 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 28 feed | nsubj |
| 28 | feed | feed | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 22 plants | acl:relcl |
| 29 | krill | krill | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 feed | obj |
| 30 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 35 mean | punct |
| 31 | so | so | ADV | _ | 35 mean | advmod |
| 32 | more | more | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 33 whales | amod |
| 33 | whales | whale | NOUN | Number=Plur | 35 mean | nsubj |
| 34 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 35 mean | aux |
| 35 | mean | mean | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 2 dive | conj |
| 36 | more | more | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 37 krill | amod |
| 37 | krill | krill | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 mean | obj |
| 38 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 40 less | punct |
| 39 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 40 less | advmod |
| 40 | less | less | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 35 mean | ccomp |
| 41 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 dive | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | dive | present | Whales | vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute | |||||
| 2 | eat | to-infinitive | Whales not said here | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | come up | infinitive | Whales not said here | poo | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to poo=Initial_Location | ||||
| 4 | feed | present | whales's poo | tiny floating plants | the surface | vn feeding-39.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent plant=Recipient | |||
| 5 | float | gerund | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 6 | feed | present | tiny floating plants | krill | vn feeding-39.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent krill=Recipient | ||||
| 7 | mean | can | more whales | more krill | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent krill=Topic |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:312-whales-by-kind-the-baleen-whales-blue-fin-humpback-grey-right-and-minke.lesson:17.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R5-strong ×3, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/312-whales-by-kind-the-baleen-whales-blue-fin-humpback-grey-right-and-minke/17/