Whales by kind, the toothed whales: sperm whale, orca, beluga and beaked whales, sentence 1
They have one blowhole, and most find their food by sending out clicks and listening for the echoes.
Who acts: whales · What happens: have, find, send out, listen · To what, where: one blowhole, food, clicks
This is a sentence of the lesson «Whales by kind, the toothed whales: sperm whale, orca, beluga and beaked whales» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (whales), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | They | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 have | nsubj |
| 2 | have | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 4 blowhole | nummod |
| 4 | blowhole | blowhole | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 have | obj |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 find | punct |
| 6 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 8 find | cc |
| 7 | most | most | ADV | Degree=Sup | 8 find | advmod |
| 8 | find | find | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 have | conj |
| 9 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 10 food | nmod:poss |
| 10 | food | food | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 find | obj |
| 11 | by | by | SCONJ | _ | 12 sending | mark |
| 12 | sending | send | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 8 find | advcl |
| 13 | out | out | ADP | _ | 12 sending | compound:prt |
| 14 | clicks | click | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 sending | obj |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 listening | cc |
| 16 | listening | listen | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 12 sending | conj |
| 17 | for | for | ADP | _ | 19 echoes | case |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 echoes | det |
| 19 | echoes | echo | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 listening | obl |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 have | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | present | whales = whale | one blowhole | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent blowhole=Patient | ||||
| 2 | find | present | whales = whale not said here | whales's food | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent food=Topic | ||||
| 3 | send out | gerund | whales = whale not said here | clicks | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent click=Theme | ||||
| 4 | listen | gerund | whales = whale not said here | for the echoes | vn rummage-35.5 «NP V PP.location PP.theme»: agent=Agent for echo=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:313-whales-by-kind-the-toothed-whales-sperm-whale-orca-beluga-and-beaked-whales.lesson:1.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/313-whales-by-kind-the-toothed-whales-sperm-whale-orca-beluga-and-beaked-whales/1/