Bears up close: noses, claws, dens, the honey myth and bear safety, sentence 2
It walks flat on the whole sole of its foot like we do, with five long claws on each paw that never pull in, and it spends winter in a den, sleeping off the hungry months.
Who acts: bear, five long claws · What happens: walk, not pull in, spend, sleep off · To what, where: whole sole, den
This is a sentence of the lesson «Bears up close: noses, claws, dens, the honey myth and bear safety» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (bear, five long claws), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 walks | nsubj |
| 2 | walks | walk | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | flat | flat | ADV | _ | 2 walks | advmod |
| 4 | on | on | ADP | _ | 7 sole | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 sole | det |
| 6 | whole | whole | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 sole | amod |
| 7 | sole | sole | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 walks | obl |
| 8 | of | of | ADP | _ | 10 foot | case |
| 9 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 10 foot | nmod:poss |
| 10 | foot | foot | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 sole | nmod |
| 11 | like | like | SCONJ | _ | 13 do | mark |
| 12 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 13 do | nsubj |
| 13 | do | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 walks | advcl |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 do | punct |
| 15 | with | with | ADP | _ | 18 claws | case |
| 16 | five | five | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 18 claws | nummod |
| 17 | long | long | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 claws | amod |
| 18 | claws | claw | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 walks | obl |
| 19 | on | on | ADP | _ | 21 paw | case |
| 20 | each | each | DET | PronType=Tot | 21 paw | det |
| 21 | paw | paw | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 claws | nmod |
| 22 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 24 pull | nsubj |
| 23 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 24 pull | advmod |
| 24 | pull | pull | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 18 claws | acl:relcl |
| 25 | in | in | ADV | _ | 24 pull | advmod |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 spends | punct |
| 27 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 29 spends | cc |
| 28 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 29 spends | nsubj |
| 29 | spends | spend | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 walks | conj |
| 30 | winter | winter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 spends | obj |
| 31 | in | in | ADP | _ | 33 den | case |
| 32 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 33 den | det |
| 33 | den | den | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 spends | obl |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 35 sleeping | punct |
| 35 | sleeping | sleep | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 29 spends | advcl |
| 36 | off | off | ADP | _ | 39 months | case |
| 37 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 39 months | det |
| 38 | hungry | hungry | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 39 months | amod |
| 39 | months | month | NOUN | Number=Plur | 35 sleeping | obl |
| 40 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 walks | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | walk | present | bear | the whole sole of bear's foot | with five long claws on each paw; flat property | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on sole=Trajectory | |||
| 2 | not pull in | present | five long claws on each paw | vn slide-11.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 3 | spend | present | bear | a den | winter | vn consume-66-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | |||
| 4 | sleep off | gerund | bear not said here | month | vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent month=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:320-bears-up-close-noses-claws-dens-the-honey-myth-and-bear-safety.lesson:2.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/320-bears-up-close-noses-claws-dens-the-honey-myth-and-bear-safety/2/